{"success":true,"result":{"resource_id":"d_33a99b8455574623be85ba7990025dbe","fields":[{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uri"},{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"title"},{"type":"text","id":"alternative"},{"type":"text","id":"creator"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"digital_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"original_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"date_created"},{"type":"text","id":"has_part_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"description"},{"type":"text","id":"abstract"},{"type":"text","id":"table_of_contents"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_lcsh"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_singheritage"},{"type":"text","id":"language"},{"type":"text","id":"ispartof_collection"},{"type":"text","id":"nlb_type"},{"type":"text","id":"rights"},{"type":"text","id":"access_rights"},{"type":"int4","id":"_id"}],"records":[{"_id":1,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=00b9b41e-cc94-444e-97f8-df0ad01b9ddc","identifier_uuid":"00b9b41e-cc94-444e-97f8-df0ad01b9ddc","title":"Pioneer merchant Alexander Guthrie arrives in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The opening of Singapore as a free port in 1819 attracted many British private traders.[1] These were merchants who operated within the Asian circuit but were prohibited from doing a direct trade with London as this was reserved for the British East","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Personalities {18336114}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":2,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0125fcd5-1887-4d4a-88d3-5e21f739782a","identifier_uuid":"0125fcd5-1887-4d4a-88d3-5e21f739782a","title":"Wing Tai","alternative":"NA","creator":"Wang, Esther Ying Jie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Kartini Saparudin","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Wing Tai is a Hong Kong-originated company that is currently based in Singapore. It is one of the key players in the local garment industry, owning labels such as Fox, G2000, Miss Selfridge, and Topshop. It is also well-known in the real estate industry, and specializes in building high-end luxury condominiums. The company has significant stake holdings in numerous subsidiary companies in both Hong Kong and Malaysia.","table_of_contents":"[Wing Tai] -- Corporate background -- Significant financial years -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Clothing trade--Singapore|Real property--Singapore|Real property--Malaysia","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":3,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=013561b0-95db-445e-b5f4-1aac8b04fdf1","identifier_uuid":"013561b0-95db-445e-b5f4-1aac8b04fdf1","title":"Chettiars","alternative":"NA","creator":"Koh, Jaime","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/12/2013","has_part_uuid":"0d5c02a5-83e5-4b5c-a9c7-e1172dd93495","description":"NA","abstract":"The Chettiars are a subgroup of the Tamil community originating from Chettinad in Tamil Nadu, India. Historically, the Chettiars are most commonly associated with the moneylending profession. There is still a small Chettiar community in Singapore today. Most of its members are professionals with only a handful still involved in the moneylending business.","table_of_contents":"[Chettiars] -- Historical background -- Chettiars in Singapore -- Social life -- Decline of the moneylending business -- Contributions -- Notable personalities -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":4,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=025cb390-d1bc-4709-aa99-6b0ee1bf12fd","identifier_uuid":"025cb390-d1bc-4709-aa99-6b0ee1bf12fd","title":"Khong Guan Biscuit Company","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/6/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Khong Guan Biscuit Company is a local biscuit manufacturer that has grown into a multinational group of companies with diversified interests including property, food product distribution and commodities trading. Founded in 1947 by Chew Choo Keng, Khong Guan exports its products to more than 40 countries, and manufactures biscuits and confectionery for supermarket house brands.","table_of_contents":"[Khong Guan Biscuit Company] -- Background -- Expansion -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Biscuit industry--Singapore|Corporations--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":5,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=027ebb98-96ab-4ffa-bd66-64dd4e67b36f","identifier_uuid":"027ebb98-96ab-4ffa-bd66-64dd4e67b36f","title":"17th APEC meeting launches in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"1d371be9-45e4-44fc-8785-efce53baae7e","description":"The 17th Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders’ Meeting was held in Singapore between 14 and 15 November 2009. The landmark meeting saw the United States promising to increase its engagement with the Association of Southeast Asian","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":6,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=02d874be-201a-4e2b-a7c2-1944bd6356eb","identifier_uuid":"02d874be-201a-4e2b-a7c2-1944bd6356eb","title":"National Iron and Steel Mills (NatSteel)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"20/11/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"National Iron and Steel Mills (NISM) was set up in 1961 as part of Singapore’s development plans. It was the first factory to be built in Jurong Industrial Estate in the 1960s and started by supplying steel to Singapore’s construction industry. It began exporting its steel products in the 1970s as it expanded.","table_of_contents":"[National Iron and Steel Mills (NatSteel)] -- The first steel mill -- Steel mill for Jurong Industrial Estate -- Building the mill -- Growth -- Diversification and renaming to NatSteel -- Takeover bid -- Tata Steel purchase and NatSteel becomes NSL -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Steel industry and trade--Singapore|Iron industry and trade--Singapore|Steel foundries--Singapore|Iron foundries--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Manufacturing organisations {18338059}|Trade and industry {18486530}|Manufacturing {18337859}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":7,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=034bf670-569d-46f5-9813-2c0289ffee3e","identifier_uuid":"034bf670-569d-46f5-9813-2c0289ffee3e","title":"Sheng Siong","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"16/6/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Sheng Siong is a Singapore supermarket chain that started out in 1985 as a family-owned provision store. In 2008, it achieved more than S$600 million in sales and was ranked the third-largest retailer in Singapore by sales volume in a survey.","table_of_contents":"[Sheng Siong] -- Origins -- Expansion -- Corporate philosophy and practices -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Supermarkets--Singapore|Sheng Siong Group Limited","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":8,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=05360b8a-1de6-4f50-9732-700ebbce9663","identifier_uuid":"05360b8a-1de6-4f50-9732-700ebbce9663","title":"Singapore Tourism Board","alternative":"NA","creator":"Ho, Stephanie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"5/2/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Tourism Board (STB), a statutory board under the Ministry of Trade and Industry, is responsible for developing Singapore’s tourism sector as well as promoting and marketing Singapore as a tourist destination. The board started operations as the Singapore Tourist Promotion Board (STPB) on 1 January 1964.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Tourism Board] -- Formation -- 1960s–1970s -- 1980s–1990s -- From the 2000s -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Administrative agencies--Singapore|Tourism--Singapore|Singapore Tourism Board","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}|Government agencies {18336197}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":9,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=061c5fd9-2411-4ff2-995f-40b2b24887d6","identifier_uuid":"061c5fd9-2411-4ff2-995f-40b2b24887d6","title":"Singapore Harbour Board Staff Association","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chia, Joshua Yeong Jia","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Chan, Fook Weng","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"3/5/2006","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"With the port being the cornerstone of Singapore’s economy, the Singapore Harbour Board Staff Association (SHBSA) – which on 18 October 1946 became the first union to be officially registered under the 1940 Trade Unions Ordinance – has played a pivotal role in the social, economic and political development of Singapore. It has certainly come a long way from its early days as a fledgling union in the immediate post-war years and through the turbulent 1950s and early ’60s. The association was renamed the Singapore Port Workers Union in 1968.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Harbour Board Staff Association] -- Early years -- Industrial disputes -- Merger and further disputes -- Political turbulence -- Establishment of PSA -- Reorganisation -- Handling retrenchments -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Labor unions--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Labour and employment {18336128}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":10,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0874705c-1e81-408c-ac4d-d4cf6b9c3713","identifier_uuid":"0874705c-1e81-408c-ac4d-d4cf6b9c3713","title":"Formation of the Singapore Tourist Promotion Board","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"a85314ab-7069-49c1-a1ad-07fcd963e2a0|ca1f0b26-4b9c-4a28-831e-a5e8e78b69e3","description":"The Singapore Tourist Promotion Board (STPB) was formed on 1 January 1964 to enhance Singapore’s attractiveness to visitors.[1] The main functions of the board were to coordinate the activities of tourist enterprises, improve and develop tourist","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":11,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=087ade56-f294-422e-8b6b-05515f9c87bd","identifier_uuid":"087ade56-f294-422e-8b6b-05515f9c87bd","title":"Johnston’s Pier is completed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Johnston’s Pier, which was located opposite Fullerton Square at Collyer Quay, was completed in March 1856.[1] It was named after Alexander Laurie Johnston, a Scottsman who had arrived in Singapore at around the same time as Sir Stamford Raffles.","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":12,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0892544e-b15d-4f9a-a217-e57a65262f3c","identifier_uuid":"0892544e-b15d-4f9a-a217-e57a65262f3c","title":"Celestial Reasoning Association","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Lee, Gracie","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"14/8/2008","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Celestial Reasoning Association (1882–1885) was considered the first debating society formed by the Straits Chinese, and the earliest literary society for educated Chinese. The association, which held its inaugural meeting on 27 May 1882, aimed to help members improve their English language skills as well as to “encourage learning and morality” through debates and the study of English and Chinese literary texts.","table_of_contents":"[Celestial Reasoning Association] -- Members -- Activities -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Associations, institutions, etc.--Singapore|Peranakan(Asian People)--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Media and advertising {18486537}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":13,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=093e9cc2-11c3-4cbc-af25-cc15f5d31b33","identifier_uuid":"093e9cc2-11c3-4cbc-af25-cc15f5d31b33","title":"Keppel Shipyard is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Keppel Harbour is reputed to be the oldest shipyard in Singapore. Its history can traced back to two ship-repair companies – New Harbour Dock Company and Tanjong Pagar Dock Company[1] – that were established in the 19th century.[2] In 1905, the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at February 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":14,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=09a2ef2c-743e-44f3-9bb4-39c6ed34c90d","identifier_uuid":"09a2ef2c-743e-44f3-9bb4-39c6ed34c90d","title":"Merger with Malaysia","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"6/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"On 16 September 1963, Singapore merged with the Federation of Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo (present-day Sabah) to form the Federation of Malaysia. Since its exclusion from the Malayan Union in 1946, seeking a union with Malaya had been Singapore’s projected path to secure economic viability and achieve independence. However, the path towards merger was not easy because the former British colony had to overcome reservations held by the Malayan government in Kuala Lumpur and manage the political fallout caused by the far-left in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":15,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0a089235-2c29-42e6-b856-00979dd05f47","identifier_uuid":"0a089235-2c29-42e6-b856-00979dd05f47","title":"Port of Singapore Authority (PSA)","alternative":"PSA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Pak, Peter Yew Guan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"4/1/2002","has_part_uuid":"ad71afdc-00a3-4b1a-ad45-1bf90c072321","description":"NA","abstract":"The Port of Singapore Authority (PSA) was formed on 1 April 1964 to take over the functions, assets and liabilities of the Singapore Harbour Board. It was operating five maritime gateways by 1990, including Keppel Wharves, Jurong Port, Sembawang Wharves, Tanjong Pagar Container Terminal and Pasir Panjang Wharves. To ensure that Singapore’s port would remain responsive to industry developments and marketplace demand, PSA was corporatised on 1 October 1997 and it became known as PSA Corporation.","table_of_contents":"[Port of Singapore Authority (PSA)] -- Key developments -- Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore -- PSA Corporation -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Administrative agencies--Singapore|Port districts--Singapore|Container Ports--Singapore|Wharves--Singapore|Harbors--Singapore|Port of Singapore Authority","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}|Public buildings {18336161}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":16,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0b3bf70c-6dd5-47e7-badd-6240dc4fa8db","identifier_uuid":"0b3bf70c-6dd5-47e7-badd-6240dc4fa8db","title":"Boustead and Company","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Chan, Fook Weng","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"5/10/2006 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Boustead and Co., which was set up by Edward Boustead, one of Singapore’s earliest merchants, is almost as old as modern Singapore itself. Established as a small trading house less than 10 years after the founding of Singapore by Stamford Raffles, the company expanded into the agency business. Now known as Boustead Singapore Limited, the company is focused on infrastructure-related engineering services and geo-spatial technology.","table_of_contents":"[Boustead and Company] -- History -- Nature of business -- References -- Further resource","subject_lcsh":"Trading companies -- Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All rights reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2020.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":17,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0ba3fb3b-d83c-4690-98f8-560b24eb7a6e","identifier_uuid":"0ba3fb3b-d83c-4690-98f8-560b24eb7a6e","title":"Rigel Technology","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"Bedok North Secondary School {18488253}","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"5/5/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Established in 1991, Rigel Technology is a Singapore-based bathroom supplies manufacturer focused on environmentally friendly products. The company was founded by Christopher Ng Eng Seng, who is currently the company’s managing director.","table_of_contents":"[Rigel Technology] -- Background and establishment -- Overseas expansion -- Community outreach -- Research and development -- Notable products -- Recent developments -- Selected awards -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":18,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0bd4896f-a1a4-4534-a844-97ad481bf1a3","identifier_uuid":"0bd4896f-a1a4-4534-a844-97ad481bf1a3","title":"United Chinese Bank opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"After the Great Depression, Chinese businessmen from Sarawak and Penang, who had built empires from trading in commodities such as rubber and pepper as well as shipping, pooled their resources to establish the United Chinese Bank (UCB) in Singapore.","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":19,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"0e622c3d-05b1-48c4-845d-b332d4a67c4e","title":"Reviving the Silk Road and the role of Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"Silm, Bouchaib","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2008-04","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 4, issue 1 (Apr. 2008), p. 4-9.","abstract":"The Silk Road or the Silk Route is the most well known trading route of ancient Chinese civilisation. The possibility of the Middle East emerging as a new economic giant in this new century has given rise to romantic notions of a “New Silk Road” that would link Asia and the Middle East in a revival of the old trans-regional arc of mutual prosperity. While China’s capital Chang’an had served as the point of departure for travellers using the Silk Road, today, Singapore could perhaps be the modern-day Chang’an and build the bridge between Asia and the Middle East as both Arabs and Asians rediscover each other. Several charts and tables are included.","table_of_contents":"Singapore and the Middle East : increasing mutual\r\ncooperation -- New markets and businesses -- What makes Singapore the ideal partner? -- The new Silk Road --Endnotes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Silk Road|Singapore--Commerce--Middle East","subject_singheritage":"Singapore offshore islands {18486578}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2008.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":20,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0eca5422-b76d-4cbf-b807-1534b43d3a61","identifier_uuid":"0eca5422-b76d-4cbf-b807-1534b43d3a61","title":"Opening of the OG Building","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The landmark 10-storey OG Building was opened in 1972 at Upper Cross Street in People’s Park, Chinatown. The OG People’s Park department store was housed within premises of the new building. A home-grown retailer in women’s fashion since the 1960s, OG","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":21,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0f3b25dd-46b6-4cc0-98e6-3b282ffe0390","identifier_uuid":"0f3b25dd-46b6-4cc0-98e6-3b282ffe0390","title":"Science Centre Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lim, Tin Seng","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"26/6/2014","has_part_uuid":"ec3f7e56-2858-475d-b857-95fcc581fedc","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Science Centre opened its doors to the public on 10 December 1977, more than two decades after such a science centre was first envisaged. Built at the cost of S$20 million, the Science Centre was set up to promote interest and learning in science and technology to students and the general public. This objective came at a time when Singapore was industrialising rapidly and going up the technology ladder was all-important. The centre was appropriately sited in Jurong, near Jurong industrial estate, Singapore’s first industrial hub.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore gets a science centre] -- Proposing a science centre -- Rising costs -- The Singapore Science Centre -- Building on its success -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore Science Centre|Science museums--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Education {18339995}|Science and technology {18486535}|Museums {18336168}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":22,"identifier_uri":"https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/vol-11/issue-2/jul-sep-2015/parag-khanna-opinion","identifier_uuid":"118b6129-07e5-469f-ae19-afb19716d1d7","title":"Seizing the Singapore dream","alternative":"NA","creator":"Khanna, Parag","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Dream as articulated by Parag Khanna. To achieve the Singapore Dream, Khanna offers three \"fundamental pillars\", namely, the importance of diplomacy, demographics and Singapore as a generative city by leveraging on technology to promote innovation, inclusiveness and sustainability.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Singapore--Economic conditions|Singapore--Social policy|Singapore--Politics and government","subject_singheritage":"Economic growth and competitiveness {18486521}|Economic development {18486520}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"NA"},{"_id":23,"identifier_uri":"https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/vol-12/issue-4/jan-mar-2017/1960s-fashion","identifier_uuid":"132106c0-b258-432c-9d1b-6f80ce986dfa","title":"1960s fashion: the legacy of made-to-measure","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"An extract from the book \"Fashion Most Wanted: Singapore's Top Insider Secrets From the Past Five Decades\". This extract traces the fashion scene in Singapore from the 1960s, people and factors that influenced fashion and the major players from retailers such as Metro, models such as the Ibrahim sisters and other fashion pioneers.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Fashion--Singapore--History--20th century|Fashion design--Singapore--History|Fashion designers--Singapore|Fashion merchandising--Singapore|Clothing and dress--Social aspects--Singapore|Singapore--Social life and customs","subject_singheritage":"Fashion design {18337344}|Retail {18486540}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"NA"},{"_id":24,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1322f7a8-b6d8-4d0f-89cb-0c712119b7a5","identifier_uuid":"1322f7a8-b6d8-4d0f-89cb-0c712119b7a5","title":"National Productivity Board is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The National Productivity Board (NPB) was established as a statutory board under the Ministry of Labour on 12 May 1972. The board was tasked to promote productivity; assist companies in raising productivity through training of management and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":25,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=13ca991b-fef6-4f87-a95a-40d360a66faa","identifier_uuid":"13ca991b-fef6-4f87-a95a-40d360a66faa","title":"Government of Singapore Investment Corporation is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"1f707093-8a65-4a69-a4f6-c8d6152fe15b|34395d61-9bee-44bd-a3b9-32e8321290d4|0fa180eb-1bbd-4b26-8597-c1734e7f17bc|aa093464-5609-4ba0-8f91-7ecadaba8af6","description":"The Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (originally known as GSIC and now simply as GIC) is a private investment company wholly owned by the government of Singapore. Incorporated on 22 May 1981 under the Companies Act, GIC was set up to","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":26,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=14f36ce1-a54c-4bb3-8993-91c57fee7c50","identifier_uuid":"14f36ce1-a54c-4bb3-8993-91c57fee7c50","title":"Primary Production Department is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 25 June 1959, the government announced the amalgamation of the agriculture, co-operatives, fisheries, rural development and veterinary divisions of the Ministry of National Development to form the Primary Production Department (PPD).The main","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":27,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1521df3a-7b37-4440-be44-9ca1f03c538f","identifier_uuid":"1521df3a-7b37-4440-be44-9ca1f03c538f","title":"Jurong","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/3/1999","has_part_uuid":"9c05c95c-dd3b-4277-9d69-c5b6f8bdb0ce","description":"NA","abstract":"Jurong used to be a mangrove swamp before it was developed into an industrial estate in 1961. Residential and recreational amenities were built in Jurong over the next two decades to attract people to live and work there and to facilitate the expansion of the estate. Jurong has since transformed into a self-sufficient town consisting of five administrative zones. In response to the town’s gentrification in recent years, a five-year masterplan to further develop it was announced in 2006. Landmarks in Jurong include Jurong Port, Jurong Industrial Estate, Jurong Town Hall, Science Centre Singapore and Jurong Bird Park.","table_of_contents":"[Jurong] -- History -- Description -- Jurong Port -- Jurong Town Corporation -- Variant names -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Street names--Singapore|Suburbs--Singapore--Jurong|Industrial districts--Singapore|Jurong (Singapore)","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Urban planning {18336138}|Trade and industry {18486530}|Places of interest {18455236}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":28,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=15dad1f3-0015-4abf-a7c7-fa01bf4b7aac","identifier_uuid":"15dad1f3-0015-4abf-a7c7-fa01bf4b7aac","title":"Cold Storage","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lim, Siew Yeen","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"14/11/1997","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The earliest supermarket in Singapore, Cold Storage Company Ltd was established in 1903. It pioneered the processing and distribution of hygienic food supplies in Malaya.","table_of_contents":"[Cold Storage] -- Early history -- Products -- Later developments -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Supermarkets--Singapore|Business enterprises--Singapore|Cold Storage Holdings (Singapore)","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":29,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=15fcae20-2e3d-4eec-b5ab-2384f1aac2b9","identifier_uuid":"15fcae20-2e3d-4eec-b5ab-2384f1aac2b9","title":"Opening of the Suez Canal","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"a73f37db-a0a8-40aa-98e5-1769abaef93d","description":"The Suez Canal, which opened on 17 November 1869 after a decade-long construction, is an artificial waterway that cuts across the Isthmus of Suez in Egypt to connect the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.[1] The canal greatly reduced the time needed","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Events {18455339}|Transportation {18336129}|Geography and Travels {18486573}|Economy {18486515}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":30,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=166b8c33-7dc6-4f98-9386-6f6393758b47","identifier_uuid":"166b8c33-7dc6-4f98-9386-6f6393758b47","title":"Raoul","alternative":"NA","creator":"Yap, Jan","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"29/1/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Raoul is a local fashion brand established in 2002. Known as one of Singapore’s largest womenswear export labels, Raoul is managed by fashion company FJ Benjamin and the brand’s products are produced by a team of international designers and consultants directed by Douglas and Odile Benjamin.","table_of_contents":"[Raoul] -- Description -- Founding -- Development -- Internal expansion -- Achievements -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":31,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=174a8972-8331-4aa2-ba25-2a5001da890d","identifier_uuid":"174a8972-8331-4aa2-ba25-2a5001da890d","title":"CapitaLand is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The CapitaLand group is a property company created from the merger of Pidemco Land and DBS Land. It debuted on the Stock Exchange of Singapore on 21 November 2000.[1] The group is one of the largest listed property companies in Asia, with operations","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":32,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=18078256-1e32-4f97-b776-c6dc62bdb7b2","identifier_uuid":"18078256-1e32-4f97-b776-c6dc62bdb7b2","title":"Hon Sui Sen","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"29/3/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Benedict Hon Sui Sen (b. 16 April 1916, Balik Pulau, Penang–d. 14 October 1983, Singapore), widely known as Hon Sui Sen, was the first chairman of the Economic Development Board (EDB; 1961–68), and the first chairman and president of the Development Bank of Singapore (DBS; 1968–70). One of the pioneers responsible for the economic development of post-independence Singapore, Hon played an instrumental role in Singapore’s industrial and financial market developments during his 44 years of service in the public sector – first as a civil servant and then cabinet minister. Hon entered politics after being persuaded by then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and was subsequently elected unopposed as the member of Parliament (MP) for the Havelock constituency during a by-election in 1970. Later that year, he was appointed minister for finance – a position he held for over 13 years, making him one of the longest-serving finance ministers in the world.","table_of_contents":"[Hon Sui Sen] -- Early life and education -- Career in civil service and quasi -government organisations -- Political career -- Key contributions -- Awards -- Family -- Death -- Key appointments -- Awards and honours -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Hon Sui Sen, 1916-1983|Politicians--Singapore--Biography|Finance ministers--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politicians {18337244}|Community leaders {18486764}|Personalities {18336114}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":33,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=189c5b78-e21f-442d-8f93-c8ee64b1b515","identifier_uuid":"189c5b78-e21f-442d-8f93-c8ee64b1b515","title":"National Trades Union Congress","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/3/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) was established on 6 September 1961, with Mahmud Awang as the pro-tem chairman and C. V. Devan Nair its first secretary-general. The labour movement initially represented only a minority of unionised workers. Its membership, however, expanded quickly; by 1965, it was representing the majority of the organised workers in Singapore. In 1969, in view of the rapid industrialisation and economic development that were to take place in Singapore the following decade, the NTUC transformed its role from a bargaining institution into a social entity with an unequivocal stake in the country’s economy and which seeks to improve workers’ well-being through a range of means. As laid out in its constitution, the NTUC’s key objectives include improving working conditions and enhancing the economic and social status of workers, as well as the promotion of good industrial relations for the benefit of workers, employers and the economy.","table_of_contents":"[National Trades Union Congress] -- Background and establishment -- Modernisation of the labour movement -- Social enterprises, amenities and skills upgrading initiatives -- Restructuring of unions -- Symbiotic ties between NTUC and the PAP government -- Headquarters -- NTUC’s secretaries-general over the years -- Timeline -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore National Trades Union Congress","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}|Community and Social Services {18486492}|Organisations {18455234}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":34,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=18de041e-492a-4029-b76f-382523aaa832","identifier_uuid":"18de041e-492a-4029-b76f-382523aaa832","title":"R. A. Hamid","alternative":"NA","creator":"Nor Afidah Abd Rahman","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/3/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"R. A. Hamid (b. 1922/23, Kerala, India–d. 9 February 1982, Singapore) was a union activist noted for championing issues concerning seamen’s welfare. During the labour unrests of the 1960s, he participated in settling the dispute between the Singapore Harbour Board and the Singapore Harbour Board Staff Association over wages for the harbour workers. As president of the Singapore Organisation of Seamen in the 1970s and early ’80s, Hamid successfully negotiated for wage reforms for seamen, concluded collective agreements with various shipowners concerning the working conditions of seamen, and rallied the region’s maritime unions to fight against the discrimination of Asian seamen by the International Transport Workers’ Federation.","table_of_contents":"[R. A. Hamid] -- Early involvement in union activities -- Champion of Singapore seafarers -- Death -- Awards and appointments -- Posthumous tributes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Labor union members--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":35,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1934198c-b5bf-4980-abc7-0aeb29ed39c9","identifier_uuid":"1934198c-b5bf-4980-abc7-0aeb29ed39c9","title":"Chinese coolies","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/11/1997","has_part_uuid":"6f9bff61-0b7b-49a2-822c-c76ba5ed6e0f","description":"NA","abstract":"Chinese coolies, who were engaged mostly in unskilled, hard labour, formed the early backbone of Singapore’s labour force. They were mainly impoverished Chinese immigrants who came to Singapore in the latter half of the 19th century to seek fortune, but instead served as indentured labourers. Coolies were employed in almost every sector of work including construction, agriculture, shipping, mining and rickshaw pulling.","table_of_contents":"[Chinese coolies] -- Etymology -- History -- Job scope -- Description -- Exploitation and hardship -- Development -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Unskilled labor--Singapore|Immigrants--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Labour and employment {18336128}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":36,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1d070d90-2a23-4e62-a90e-faa0eabdd3b0","identifier_uuid":"1d070d90-2a23-4e62-a90e-faa0eabdd3b0","title":"The Indian Merchants' Association is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Indian Merchants' Association (IMA) was founded by Bhujangilal Mehta in December 1924.[1] The need for such a body was expressed as early as 1907.[2] Not only were Indian businessmen a minority, but they were also a heterogeneous group,[3] and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":37,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1ea4456f-dac4-4f57-9f9d-35d24af35807","identifier_uuid":"1ea4456f-dac4-4f57-9f9d-35d24af35807","title":"Economic Development Board","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/1/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Economic Development Board (EDB) is a statutory board established on 1 August 1961 to spearhead Singapore’s industrialisation programme. Presently, the board plans and executes strategies to enhance Singapore’s position as a global business centre, and its mission is to boost the economy with vibrant business and good job opportunities. Under the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI), the EDB has a network of offices in America, Europe and Asia.","table_of_contents":"[Economic Development Board] -- Background -- 1960s -- 1970s -- 1980s -- 1990s -- 2000s to present -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore. Economic Development Board|Singapore. Economic Development Board--History|Singapore--Economic policy|Singapore--Economic policy--History","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":38,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1ee50994-5b52-4aa3-8071-24d848e5dc16","identifier_uuid":"1ee50994-5b52-4aa3-8071-24d848e5dc16","title":"SISIR becomes a statutory board","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research (SISIR) was originally established in 1963 as the Industrial Research Unit within the Economic Development Board. This unit was later renamed SISIR in 1969 and tasked with promoting quality","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":39,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1f22a763-35e6-4587-8f50-d77b65e59b3c","identifier_uuid":"1f22a763-35e6-4587-8f50-d77b65e59b3c","title":"Texas Instruments plant officially opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Former Minister of Finance Goh Keng Swee opened the Texas Instruments (TI) plant at the Kallang Basin industrial estate on 4 July 1969. At the time, TI was the world’s largest manufacturer of semiconductors and also one of the leading manufacturers of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":40,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1f36c0f3-7a40-45af-bf39-b8d850ed45a5","identifier_uuid":"1f36c0f3-7a40-45af-bf39-b8d850ed45a5","title":"Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership is Singapore’s first free-trade agreement (FTA) with a major trading partner and Japan’s first-ever FTA. It came into effect on 30 November 2002, and the next review of the accord is scheduled to be held after 31 December 2017.","table_of_contents":"[Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership] -- Background -- Study and negotiation -- Description -- Developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":41,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=215ff328-678e-4ca4-afb4-99976fe77406","identifier_uuid":"215ff328-678e-4ca4-afb4-99976fe77406","title":"Bengawan Solo","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/7/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Bengawan Solo is one of Singapore’s most successful bakery chains, having built its reputation on the quality of its popular nonya (Peranakan)-style cakes and pastries. Founded by Anastasia Tjendri-Liew in 1979, the company has grown from a single shop to a chain of over 40 outlets.","table_of_contents":"[Bengawan Solo] -- Background -- Expansion -- Business philosophy -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Bakeries--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":42,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2296f84c-5cf8-4cab-8dc9-0b1651a5c686","identifier_uuid":"2296f84c-5cf8-4cab-8dc9-0b1651a5c686","title":"Orchidville Pte Ltd is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Orchidville was incorporated on 27 August 1993.[1] The company had signed a 20-year lease for a 42.5-hectare site[2] on Lorong Lada Hitam at the Mandai Agrotechnology Park.[3] It cost more than S$10 million to set up, and was the largest commercial","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":43,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=229c0877-44d1-4906-b3b1-5291da808a1d","identifier_uuid":"229c0877-44d1-4906-b3b1-5291da808a1d","title":"City Developments Limited is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"City Developments Limited (CDL) was formed on 7 September 1963. It was staffed by eight employees based at a rented premises in Amber Mansions on Orchard Road.[1] The company’s main purpose was to acquire, develop and sell property.[2] In November the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Sep 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":44,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=22b5e23e-1daa-42ed-8582-cc3d21b2a7f9","identifier_uuid":"22b5e23e-1daa-42ed-8582-cc3d21b2a7f9","title":"Three Rifles Holdings is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Three Rifles Holdings was founded by Chong Chong Choong, who started out in the retail business at the age of 14 working at pasar malam (Malay for “night market”) stalls in Bukit Panjang.[1] When Chong was 20, he opened his own shop on Bukit Panjang","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":45,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=22e8b6c7-7f0e-453a-a3dd-9e2f6a028bf3","identifier_uuid":"22e8b6c7-7f0e-453a-a3dd-9e2f6a028bf3","title":"Samsui women","alternative":"NA","creator":"Koh, Qi Rui Vincent","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Jamie Han|Editor:Fiona Lim","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/12/2014","has_part_uuid":"19c62068-5ea7-48d4-806b-74c80316e74d","description":"NA","abstract":"Samsui women, also known as hong tou jin (红头巾; Mandarin for “red headscarf”) after their trademark red headgear, were female immigrants mainly from the Sanshui (“Samsui” in Cantonese; meaning “three waters”) district of Canton (Guangdong today) province in southern China. Other areas where they came from include Shunde and Dongguan, also in Canton province, as well as places outside of Canton like Fujian and Chao’an, although samsui women from these regions were much fewer. Samsui women started arriving in Singapore in large numbers in the mid-1930s and many found work as general labourers in the construction industry. A large number of these women lived together in shared accommodations. There are few samsui women left in Singapore today, as most have either passed away or returned to China. They are often depicted in popular culture as thrifty and resilient individuals who helped to build up the country’s infrastructure.","table_of_contents":"[Samsui women] -- Background -- Life in Singapore -- Description -- Later years -- Remembering samsui women -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Unskilled labor--Singapore|Blue collar workers--Singapore|Singapore--History--1819-1867","subject_singheritage":"Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Personalities {18336114}|Labour and employment {18336128}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":46,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=22f08453-4f1d-493c-b861-f8b1e1de6612","identifier_uuid":"22f08453-4f1d-493c-b861-f8b1e1de6612","title":"The Straits Trading Company Limited","alternative":"NA","creator":"Fairoz Shariff","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/8/2015 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Straits Trading Company Limited (STC) was incorporated as a tin-smelting company on 8 November 1887. Its smelter on Pulau Brani was famed for its production of “Straits Tin”, which by the 1900s had become internationally recognised as the purest quality of tin in the world. By 1912, the company was producing two-thirds of Malaya’s tin output.","table_of_contents":"[The Straits Trading Company Limited] -- History and establishment -- Pulau Brani smelter -- Straits Tin -- Japanese Occupation (1942–1945) -- Chairmanship of Tan Chin Tuan -- Closure of Pulau Brani smelter -- STC today -- Timeline -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Trading companies--Singapore|Trading companies--Malaysia--Malaya|Tin industry--Singapore|Tin industry--Malaysia--Malaya|The Straits Trading Company Limited","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":47,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=23b1d18b-1a30-4714-a3aa-007af3cfd2ed","identifier_uuid":"23b1d18b-1a30-4714-a3aa-007af3cfd2ed","title":"Opening of Polar Cafe","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Best known for its curry puffs,[1] the original Polar Café was opened on 30 November 1925 by Chan Hinky, an immigrant from Hong Kong who had arrived in Singapore in the 1920s with only 90 cents in his pocket.[2] With dreams of starting a café, Chan","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":48,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=26011fea-a208-4b1e-a5bc-632568e019d2","identifier_uuid":"26011fea-a208-4b1e-a5bc-632568e019d2","title":"Linschoten and the waterways around Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Jan Huyghen van Linschoten was born in Haarlem in the Dutch Republic. He travelled to India and served as secretary to the Archbishop of Goa, João Vicente da Fonseca. While working for the archbishop, Linschoten had access to confidential information","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Geography and Travels {18486573}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":49,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=27c04374-093e-4688-8916-016d3ebf6143","identifier_uuid":"27c04374-093e-4688-8916-016d3ebf6143","title":"Singapore Trade Development Board is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Department of Trade  merged with the  Timber Industry Board to form  the Trade Development Board (TDB)  in 1983.[1] TDB was tasked to promote Singapore’s exports internationally and develop Singapore as a trade hub.[2] Throughout the 1980s and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":50,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28103507-b5a4-4f14-8835-583b01e9acd9","identifier_uuid":"28103507-b5a4-4f14-8835-583b01e9acd9","title":"Singapore signs Free Trade Agreement with New Zealand","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Agreement between New Zealand and Singapore on a Closer Economic Partnership (ANZSCEP) is Singapore’s first bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) signed with an individual country. Concluded on 14 November 2000, the FTA was signed by then Prime","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":51,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2900ddda-4b95-4698-8559-ac1f50885dc8","identifier_uuid":"2900ddda-4b95-4698-8559-ac1f50885dc8","title":"Lim Chong Yah","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/10/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lim Chong Yah (b. 1932, Malacca, Malaysia–d. 8 July 2023) is an eminent economist and academic best known for serving as chairman of the National Wages Council for 29 years. Lim is professor emeritus at both the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University, and was previously the Albert Winsemius chair professor of economics at the latter.","table_of_contents":"[Lim Chong Yah] -- Early life and education -- Academic career -- National Wages Council -- Publishing and other activities -- Awards -- Selected publications -- Family -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Government economists--Singapore--Biography|Singapore--Economic policy|Lim, Chong-Yah","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Economy {18486515}|Personalities {18336114}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":52,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=29c1f3c8-d6d6-401d-9a63-951d5f425d11","identifier_uuid":"29c1f3c8-d6d6-401d-9a63-951d5f425d11","title":"CYC Shanghai Shirt Company","alternative":"CYC The Custom Shop","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/6/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"CYC is a clothing firm best known for its custom-made shirts and corporate wear. Founded as CYC Shanghai Shirt Company in 1935, it became a leader in Singapore’s shirt industry and attracted customers from Malaysia and Indonesia in its heyday. Now known as CYC Made to Measure, the company has corporate and international clients, including political and business leaders.","table_of_contents":"[CYC Shanghai Shirt Company] -- Background -- Expansion -- Decline -- Leadership change -- Subsequent initiatives -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Shirt industry--Singapore|Clothing trade--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2021.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":53,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=29d5dafd-5221-4092-a338-2253c3d89b67","identifier_uuid":"29d5dafd-5221-4092-a338-2253c3d89b67","title":"Sky Greens opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Sky Greens Pte Ltd was officially opened by Senior Minister of State (Ministry of Trade and Industry and Ministry of National Development) Lee Yi Shyan on 24 October 2012.[1] The opening of Sky Greens marked a major milestone in the area of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":54,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=29fd4463-903a-44e9-b3c1-287621ca520b","identifier_uuid":"29fd4463-903a-44e9-b3c1-287621ca520b","title":"Old Sea View Hotel","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"16/6/2006 0:00","has_part_uuid":"0e623ad4-e5ad-498f-85bf-f3eaf62a487a","description":"NA","abstract":"The old Sea View Hotel was opened in 1906, during the hotel boom years of the early 20th century. Unlike most of the early hotels that were located in town or its vicinity, Sea View Hotel was set up in Tanjong Katong, what was then considered the countryside. The hotel was known for its idyllic surroundings and seaside location.","table_of_contents":"[Old Sea View Hotel] -- History -- Description -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Hotels--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}|Places of interest {18455236}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":55,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2aeba080-ec67-4a62-ba93-407840b26d10","identifier_uuid":"2aeba080-ec67-4a62-ba93-407840b26d10","title":"Tanjong Pagar Dock Company Limited is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The idea to form a company “for the purpose of affording greater facilities for the repairing of vessels” was first proposed by a group of men comprising F. Davidson, C. H. Harrison, C. H. H. Wilson, J. K. Smith, S. Gilfillan, Syed Abdullah, Pochajee","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Transportation {18336129}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at March 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":56,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2d8ea399-e042-429a-84e9-eab8cd256d4d","identifier_uuid":"2d8ea399-e042-429a-84e9-eab8cd256d4d","title":"Lehman Brothers Minibond saga","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"19/3/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Lehman Brothers Minibond saga refers to the chain of events resulting from the Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy filing in September 2008. Following the collapse of the Lehman Brothers, about 10,000 retail investors in Singapore lost their investments totalling over S$500 million in structured investment products linked to the American investment bank. The financial institutions that distributed the products were accused of having mis-sold these relatively high-risk products to investors, many of whom were elderly and less educated. This prompted government investigations, which led to penalties being imposed on 10 financial institutions, and tighter supervision of the industry.","table_of_contents":"[Lehman Brothers Minibond saga] -- Background -- Unwinding of products -- Investor activism and compensation -- Government response -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Bond funds--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":57,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2f11c4ad-c1bd-49ee-b915-0f37ac3bc685","identifier_uuid":"2f11c4ad-c1bd-49ee-b915-0f37ac3bc685","title":"British government gains control of Tanjong Pagar Dock Co.","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Tanjong Pagar Dock Company (1864–1905) was a monopoly in the provision of dock and wharf services at Keppel Harbour (formerly known as New Harbour), and was accountable to shareholders in both the Straits Settlements and London.[1] However, by the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":58,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2f697180-79c5-4f80-a59f-cbaa42b57bc9","identifier_uuid":"2f697180-79c5-4f80-a59f-cbaa42b57bc9","title":"Establishment of the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Transport. Set up on 1 September 1984,[1] CAAS is responsible for developing Singapore into an international aviation hub.[2]The CAAS was established to","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":59,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3237d990-f72e-4cce-b86d-71e33f5f9695","identifier_uuid":"3237d990-f72e-4cce-b86d-71e33f5f9695","title":"Temasek Holdings is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"An investment holding company for the Singapore government, Temasek Holdings was incorporated on 25 June 1974 to manage its investments in government-linked companies (GLCs).[1] The company has since expanded its operations to cover key areas of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":60,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=356ad203-9906-4b21-9151-26169a743b44","identifier_uuid":"356ad203-9906-4b21-9151-26169a743b44","title":"China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (CSFTA)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/8/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (CSFTA) marks Singapore as the first Asian country to have a comprehensive bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with China. This is a major milestone in Singapore’s relationship with China since diplomatic ties were officially established in 1990. The agreement came into effect on 1 January 2009. The first review of the agreement was completed in July 2011 and negotiations for an upgraded CSFTA are still on-going.","table_of_contents":"[China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (CSFTA)] -- Background -- Study and negotiations -- Description -- Developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"China--Foreign economic relations--Singapore|Singapore--Foreign economic relations--China|Free trade--China|Free trade--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":61,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=37c6a7dd-c7de-4378-819e-e2407839f8d5","identifier_uuid":"37c6a7dd-c7de-4378-819e-e2407839f8d5","title":"Shell opens Singapore's first oil refinery at Pulau Bukom","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Singapore's oil refining industry started when the Shell Refining Company (Singapore) Limited opened the island’s first oil refinery at Pulau Bukom on 26 July 1961.[1] The refinery earned Shell the “Pioneer Certificate No. 1”, which was awarded by the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":62,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=38d8d089-720b-4e46-b5c5-40466e39c7c8","identifier_uuid":"38d8d089-720b-4e46-b5c5-40466e39c7c8","title":"Banque Indosuez","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Lee, Gracie","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/9/2007","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Banque de l’Indochine first made its presence in Southeast Asia in 1875 with the opening of its branch in Saigon, Vietnam. Banque Indosuez was the official name for the bank in 1981. Initially set up as a note-issuing bank in French Indochina, it quickly expanded to serve French settlements in Oceania, New Caledonia, French Somaliland, and other parts of Asia outside French influence. Apart from Singapore’s strategic location between East-West trade routes, other factors also prompted the setting up of a new branch in Singapore. The opening up of the Suez Canal in 1869, technical innovation of steamships and more significantly, the signing of the Anglo-French Entente Cordiale treaty in 1904 made it lucrative for French foreign companies to conduct commercial activities in Singapore. Under these favourable circumstances, the first French bank in Singapore was opened on 1 March 1905.","table_of_contents":"[Banque Indosuez] -- Premises -- The Early Banking Scene in Singapore -- Early Developments -- Later Developments -- More Recent Developments -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Banks and banking, French--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":63,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=38fa6412-5b92-41f5-9f1a-13e770abb2c0","identifier_uuid":"38fa6412-5b92-41f5-9f1a-13e770abb2c0","title":"Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/2/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Launched in 2007, the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city (TEC) is the second flagship government-to-government project between Singapore and China following the China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park which started in 1994. Developed from scratch on 30 sq km of non-arable and water-scarce land, the TEC project entails building a township with eco-friendly features such as 100-percent green buildings, renewable energy and green transport. Comprising a range of developments including business parks and homes, the project aims to create a practical model of a sustainable city for future urbanisation efforts in China and other countries. Targeted for completion between 2018 and 2023, the TEC saw the completion of an eight-square-kilometre start-up area comprising housing, an eco-business park as well as essential facilities such as schools and shops in 2013.","table_of_contents":"[Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city] -- Background -- Site selection -- Establishment -- Objectives and key characteristics of the TEC -- Developments -- Timeline --  Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Zhong Xin Tianjin sheng tai guan li wei yuan hui","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Streets and Places {18336099}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":64,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3ae1f303-2b1a-4759-9a83-c5ce34febe31","identifier_uuid":"3ae1f303-2b1a-4759-9a83-c5ce34febe31","title":"Ministry of Trade and Industry is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Formed in March 1979, the origins of the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) can be traced to the former Development Division of the Ministry of Finance. Goh Chok Tong, then the Senior Minister of State (Finance), was appointed to head the new","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":65,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3bc6a1d5-26a4-4e60-95c4-ff8928323c3a","identifier_uuid":"3bc6a1d5-26a4-4e60-95c4-ff8928323c3a","title":"Singapore hosts the 61st IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Singapore hosted the 61st Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Group (IMF-World Bank) held at the Suntec Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre from 13 to 20 September","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":66,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3cacf256-82cc-4776-b7f8-83757723b502","identifier_uuid":"3cacf256-82cc-4776-b7f8-83757723b502","title":"Singapore is first East Asian country to slip into recession","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The first decade of the 21st century ended with a bleak world economic outlook following the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, which was headlined by the collapse of American investment bank Lehman Brothers in September 2008.[1] By the third quarter","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":67,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3ef8e211-fbcc-431f-a1d7-81ac397c91c1","identifier_uuid":"3ef8e211-fbcc-431f-a1d7-81ac397c91c1","title":"Buy Singapore-made goods campaign is launched","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In 1956, the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, together with the Singapore Manufacturers’ Association, embarked on a “Buy Singapore Goods” campaign to promote Singapore-made products.[1] The aims of the campaign were to change public mindsets that","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":68,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4156ead1-1ad8-4802-840c-d70effcdae1b","identifier_uuid":"4156ead1-1ad8-4802-840c-d70effcdae1b","title":"Redevelopment of Golden Shoe","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Golden Shoe refers to an 80-acre (about 0.3 sq km) plot of land located in the heart of Singapore’s Central Business District where the financial and banking sector is concentrated.[1] The area was earmarked for urban redevelopment in 1970 following","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":69,"identifier_uri":"https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/vol-18/issue-3/oct-dec-2022/history-union-book-bras-basah-singapore/","identifier_uuid":"416f2b4d-db16-4f75-bdff-5a643c9cf26c","title":"Union Book stands tall at 70","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chen Yuxin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Located in Bras Basah Complex, the Chinese bookstore has played an important role in the development of the Chinese literary scene.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Bookstores--Singapore|Book industries and trade--Singapore|Publishers and publishing--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}|Business enterprises {18338062}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}|Index {18335984}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"NA"},{"_id":70,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=429f6f2d-6c74-49c3-a0b4-12643fe7c8db","identifier_uuid":"429f6f2d-6c74-49c3-a0b4-12643fe7c8db","title":"Productivity campaign (1970s–1990s)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"29/8/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The first productivity promotion campaign was inaugurated on 12 April 1975 by then Minister for Foreign Affairs S. Rajaratnam at Victoria Memorial Hall. As reflected in the slogan “Productivity Is Our Business”, the campaign aimed to instil greater awareness of the importance of productivity to Singapore. This pursuit intensified well into the 1980s with efforts directed by the Productivity Movement. In the 1990s, the campaign focused on quality, and efforts were guided by the Productivity 2000 report. \r\n\r\nThe achievements of productivity efforts in the 1980s can be seen at a macro level, where the rate of productivity growth was a proxy measure of how much the Productivity Movement contributed to the economy. During the period from 1981 to 1995, 60 percent of Singapore’s average economic growth of 7.6 percent came from productivity growth, which averaged 4.5 percent. In terms of the public’s attitude towards productivity, 93 percent of the workforce wanted the campaign to continue. The reason was that it provided the right environment for the implementation of company-based productivity programmes.","table_of_contents":"[Productivity campaign (1970s–1990s)] -- Early years -- Productivity Movement -- Productivity Month -- Productivity 2000 report -- Achievements -- References -- Further resources","subject_lcsh":"Industrial productivity--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Productivity and wages {18486528}|National campaigns {18338181}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":71,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=43a291e4-cc72-4341-8f28-e3b156c992e2","identifier_uuid":"43a291e4-cc72-4341-8f28-e3b156c992e2","title":"Singapore Chamber of Commerce is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Chamber of Commerce was formed by the Singapore mercantile community on 8 February 1837.[1] The chamber was the oldest private sector representative organisation in Singapore at the time,[2] and it was founded to resist the encroachments","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":72,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=445f40b1-6858-4588-9a18-5853806d5a18","identifier_uuid":"445f40b1-6858-4588-9a18-5853806d5a18","title":"Sakae Sushi","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"25/6/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Sakae Sushi is a restaurant chain from Singapore that specialises in affordable Japanese food served to diners via a kaiten (conveyor belt). Since the opening of its first outlet in 1997, the chain boasts over 100 outlets across Singapore, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, the United States and Japan. Sakae Sushi is the brainchild of entrepreneur Douglas Foo.","table_of_contents":"[Sakae Sushi] -- Background -- Expansion -- Use of technology -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Japanese restaurants--Singapore|Corporations--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":73,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=44b0beec-95e1-4754-9990-f7ed7b100dd4","identifier_uuid":"44b0beec-95e1-4754-9990-f7ed7b100dd4","title":"Tee Yih Jia","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/7/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Tee Yih Jia is a privately owned food manufacturing company and reportedly the world’s largest producer of spring roll skins. Tee Yih Jia Food Manufacturing also manufactures a diverse range of frozen food products and holds interests in property, water and energy management and food distribution. The company’s rise was overseen by Goi Seng Hui, who acquired Tee Yih Jia as a small company in 1977 and transformed it into a global entity with gross revenues estimated to be in the hundreds of millions.","table_of_contents":"[Tee Yih Jia] -- Corporate background -- Corporate growth -- Product diversification and marketing -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Food industry and trade--Singapore|Corporations--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Business enterprises {18338062}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":74,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=44f11df9-aec5-40ca-b24b-6ac017a1f139","identifier_uuid":"44f11df9-aec5-40ca-b24b-6ac017a1f139","title":"Industrial Relations Ordinance (1960) takes effect","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"As constitutional reforms swept through Singapore from 1955 onwards, trade unions became increasingly politicised.[1] Major political parties, such as the Labour Front and the People’s Action Party (PAP), enjoyed strong support from the trade unions","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":75,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=455303ca-89e9-4c38-9388-93999a3af7f4","identifier_uuid":"455303ca-89e9-4c38-9388-93999a3af7f4","title":"Bata Shoe (Singapore) Pte Ltd","alternative":"NA","creator":"Thulaja, Naidu Ratnala","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Ong, Eng Chuan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"22/7/1999","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Bata Shoe (Singapore) Pte Ltd is a member of the worldwide organisation, Bata International. One of the earliest modern shoe sellers in Singapore, Bata opened its first store, Bata Shoe Store, at the Capitol Building in 1931. Today, Bata Shoe (Singapore) Pte Ltd operates a number of retail outlets locally.","table_of_contents":"[Bata Shoe (Singapore) Pte Ltd] -- History -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Business enterprises--Singapore|Footwear industry--Singapore|Bata Shoe (Singapore) Pte Ltd","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":76,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=459b32e3-35c3-4112-9042-94aaa9c13057","identifier_uuid":"459b32e3-35c3-4112-9042-94aaa9c13057","title":"Establishment of the Economic Review Committee","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"During a dialogue session held with unionists and employers at the Nanyang Polytechnic on 14 October 2001, then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong announced that a committee would be formed to formulate a blueprint for restructuring Singapore’s economy as","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":77,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"482c7222-ce16-4161-bf65-1d1076f495fd","title":"新加坡华文书业历史简述","alternative":"Xinjiapo hua wen shu ye li shi jian shu|A brief history of the Chinese book industry in Singapore","creator":"Zou, Lu","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2012-05","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 8, issue 1 (May 2012), p. 34-39.","abstract":"本文回顾了新加坡华文书业的发展历史, 从1912年商务印书馆在新加坡设立分馆标志华文书业的萌芽时期, 经历起步阶段, 战前和日据时期初步发展, 战后迅速恢复, 五十、六十及七十年代蓬勃发展到八十年代的重要转型, 九十年代的缓慢复苏及二十一世纪第一个十年的新机遇. 文章重点强调了商务印书馆, 中华书局和上海书局在新加坡华文书业中所作的贡献.","table_of_contents":"新加坡华文书业历史分期 -- 萌芽时期 -- 起步阶段 -- 初步发展 -- 迅速恢复 -- 蓬勃发展 -- 重要转型-- 缓慢复苏, 新的机遇 -- 结束语.","subject_lcsh":"Book industries and trade--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"chi","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2012.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":78,"identifier_uri":"https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/vol-18/issue-1/apr-to-jun-2022/singapore-changing-wet-markets","identifier_uuid":"48581d22-b14d-41af-a4c8-eebeb2c76f0c","title":"No longer “dirty, unhygienic, crowded and messy”: the story of Singapore’s changing wet markets","alternative":"NA","creator":"Zoe Yeo","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The earliest wet markets in Singapore date back to at least 1825. Zoe Yeo tells us how they have changed since.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Produce trade--Singapore--History|Markets--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"NA"},{"_id":79,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=48d0a785-2b61-467a-8c85-f2728e33702c","identifier_uuid":"48d0a785-2b61-467a-8c85-f2728e33702c","title":"The Santa Catarina incident","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Santa Catarina incident refers to the seizure of the Portuguese merchant vessel, the Santa Catarina, by the Dutch off the coast of Singapore on 25 February 1603. The ship, fully laden with goods from the ports of Macau and China, was en route to","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":80,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"48dd62ca-8ac8-47ae-9ab4-3b380bc26508","title":"Continuities and changes : Singapore as a port city over 700 years","alternative":"NA","creator":"Heng, Derek","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2005-11","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 1, issue 1 (Nov. 2005), p. 12-16.","abstract":"Although the history of Singapore in the 19th and 20th centuries, first as a colonial port-city and then as an independent state that has managed to maintain its psition as one of the busiest ports in the world, is well represented by a significant amount of literature, its historical legacy as a port prior to the 19th century has not been sufficiently explored. This paper gives an overview of Singapore’s history as a port over the last seven hundred years, examining each of the phases of its role from pre-1819 to the present.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Port cities--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Singapore offshore islands {18486578}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2005.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":81,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=49fcf2ca-4d90-4acc-904c-6f0ec15ce3eb","identifier_uuid":"49fcf2ca-4d90-4acc-904c-6f0ec15ce3eb","title":"Singapore Trades Union Congress","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chia, Joshua Yeong Jia","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Chan, Fook Weng","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"19/9/2006","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"When the Emergency was declared in 1948, the communist-linked Singapore Federation of Trade Unions (SFTU) went underground. The Singapore Trades Union Congress (STUC), with the support of the colonial government, was formed in 1951 as a federation of trade unions to replace the SFTU. However, the STUC was short-lived because of political rivalry. It was dissolved in 1961, resulting in the formation of two opposing trade union federations: the Singapore Association of Trade Unions and the National Trades Union Congress.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Trades Union Congress] -- Formation - Growth -- Dissolution -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Labor unions--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Labour and employment {18336128}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":82,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4a421dd0-1515-4ce2-b168-dd721a446b59","identifier_uuid":"4a421dd0-1515-4ce2-b168-dd721a446b59","title":"Chinese Commercial Bank","alternative":"华商银行","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"4/4/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Chinese Commercial Bank (华商银行) was founded in 1912 by Lim Peng Siang, a Hokkien businessman who established the Ho Hong group of companies. Set up by the Hokkien business community, the Chinese Commercial Bank had many leading figures involved in the establishment – such as Yin Suat Chuan, Yeo Cheng Hai, Tan Jiak Kim, Tan Chay Yan, Lim Kwee Eng and Tan Sian Cheng. Lee Choon Guan and Lim Boon Keng were appointed chairman and vice-chairman respectively at the time of its founding. As one of the earliest Chinese banks in Singapore, the Chinese Commercial Bank popularised the use of cheques among Chinese traders and merchants. In 1932, affected by the economic downturn, the bank amalgamated with Ho Hong Bank and Oversea-Chinese Bank to form the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC).","table_of_contents":"[Chinese Commercial Bank] -- Early days -- New bank building -- Merger -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Banks and banking, Chinese--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Banking and finance {18486536}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":83,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4b282e32-27a3-4c09-a652-8966d6b00b9b","identifier_uuid":"4b282e32-27a3-4c09-a652-8966d6b00b9b","title":"Development Bank of Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/12/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Development Bank of Singapore Ltd (DBS) was established on 16 July 1968 as a public limited company to take over the industrial financing responsibilities of the Economic Development Board (EDB) and began operations on 1 September 1968. Its main function upon its establishment was to finance Singapore’s industrialisation and the government’s urban development projects. The bank has since grown to become the largest bank in Southeast Asia with over 280 branches in Asia. It was renamed DBS Bank Ltd in 2003.","table_of_contents":"[Development Bank of Singapore] -- Proposal for a development bank -- Establishment -- Major development projects -- Expansion and growth -- Logo and renaming -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"DBS Bank|Banks and banking--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}|Trade and industry {18486530}|Business enterprises {18338062}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":84,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4ba73ec1-69e6-4951-b9ea-339878da2f6c","identifier_uuid":"4ba73ec1-69e6-4951-b9ea-339878da2f6c","title":"APEC is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), which is an inter-governmental grouping, was established in November 1989 to facilitate trade and economic cooperation within the Asia-Pacific community.[1] Singapore is one of the 12 founding members of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":85,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4bf4d698-2616-4614-937f-30fcc5652763","identifier_uuid":"4bf4d698-2616-4614-937f-30fcc5652763","title":"Stock Exchange of Singapore Ltd is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 15 May 1973, Singaporeans were notified through the press of amendments to Malaysia’s foreign exchange control regulations. The Malaysian government had decided to discontinue the interchangeability of currency between Singapore and Malaysia.[1]","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":86,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"4c99479d-d9ea-4071-995b-cf3d4ef2eede","title":"Money lending : a short history","alternative":"NA","creator":"Ong, Eng Chuan","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2007-04","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 3, issue 1 (Apr. 2007), p. 22-27.","abstract":"This article traces the history of money lending in Singapore during the colonial period. Back then, businessmen and ordinary residents in need of money whether for personal consumption or the financing of business ventures had to rely on different means to obtain loans such as from banks, agency houses, chettiars, moneylenders, pawnshops and \"hui\" commonly referred to as \"tontine\".","table_of_contents":"Singapore's first banks -- The rise of agency houses -- Enter the chettiars -- Arab, Chinese and Sikh moneylenders -- The first pawnshops -- Hui(会) -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Moneylenders--Singapore|Loans--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2007.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":87,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=509d1656-8fc5-405f-8eec-ad058d8a540c","identifier_uuid":"509d1656-8fc5-405f-8eec-ad058d8a540c","title":"Economic Development Board is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The predecessor of the Economic Development Board was the Singapore Industrial Promotion Board (SIPB), which was set up in 1957. The SIPB was tasked with the promotion, assistance, financing and management of economic and commercial undertakings that","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":88,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=513ccc41-7bb1-43fb-a9cc-bb8c2257db86","identifier_uuid":"513ccc41-7bb1-43fb-a9cc-bb8c2257db86","title":"Lee Kong Chian","alternative":"NA","creator":"Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman and Wee, Jane","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Jane Wee","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"13/7/2005","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lee Kong Chian (Dr) (b. 18 October 1893, Nan’an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China–d. 2 June 1967, Singapore), also known as Geok Kun, was a philanthropist and multi-millionaire businessman who made his mark in the rubber trade and later the pineapple, coconut oil and sawmill businesses, among others. Lee also invested large sums in enterprises such as the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC), Great Eastern Life Insurance, Sime Darby (Singapore), Cold Storage and Straits Trading Company. In spite of his wealth, he led a simple life and was known to be frugal and kind. Lee donated millions of dollars to charitable causes through the Lee Foundation, which he created in 1952. The beneficiaries of the foundation include Nanyang University, the University of Malaya and National Library.","table_of_contents":"[Lee Kong Chian] -- Early life -- Career -- Philanthropic work -- Major contributions and awards -- Illness and death -- Legacy -- Family -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"Philanthropists--Singapore--Biography|Pioneers--Singapore--Biography|Lee, Kong Chian, 1893-1967","subject_singheritage":"Community and Social Services {18486492}|Personalities {18336114}|Economy {18486515}|Education {18339995}|Pioneers {18336121}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":89,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"51f8e675-adde-4723-9159-cf3b470b8a43","title":"Tongkangs : hybrid ships in a moment of Singapore's maritime history","alternative":"NA","creator":"Ngiam, Tong Dow","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Lau, Aileen","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2006-07","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 2, issue 2 (July 2006), p. 12-15.","abstract":"This edited version of a university dissertation by  Ngiam Tong Dow traces the history of the tongkang industry in Singapore. The word “tongkang” is Malay, and is probably derived from belongkang (probably perahu\r\nbelongkang), a term formerly used in Sumatra for a river cargo boat. Though it was Chinesebuilt, owned and manned, it was not of Chinese origin. It is a hybrid vessel described as “a fairly large, heavy, barge-like cargo-carrying boat propelled by sail(s), sea-going or used in open harbours. The trade handled by tongkangs was part of the larger and extremely important volume of trade between Singapore and Indonesia, Singapore’s best trading partner and valuable customer in the use of entrepôt facilities up to the end of 1957. Tongkang trade lost out to modernisation, development and shipping technologies of the late 1950s and 1960s onwards.","table_of_contents":"The building of tongkangs -- Capital and recurrent costs -- The tongkang hub -- The trade of the tongkangs -- Demand, supply and the impact on tongkang cargoes -- The demise of the tongkang -- Notes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Ships--Singapore|Navigation--History|Shipbuilding industry--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Transportation {18336129}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2006.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":90,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=53b8e030-2d06-452a-8f11-aaa01b73b341","identifier_uuid":"53b8e030-2d06-452a-8f11-aaa01b73b341","title":"Post Office Savings Bank becomes a statutory board","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 1 January 1972,  the Post Office Savings Bank (POSB)  was turned  into a statutory  corporation by  the government.[1] When Singapore stepped up its industrialisation programme after 1965, then Minister for Finance Goh Keng Swee identified domestic","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":91,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=54195c25-ae60-4d3c-868e-822d1eb5f5e9","identifier_uuid":"54195c25-ae60-4d3c-868e-822d1eb5f5e9","title":"PM Lee Kuan Yew arrives in Washington D. C.","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew arrived in Washington D. C. on 17 October 1967 to begin his 11-day visit of the United States.[1] It was Lee’s first trip to the country after Singapore became an independent nation in August 1965, and part of a","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":92,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=542cf8b2-d3a2-4824-afe5-5498bd053c4b","identifier_uuid":"542cf8b2-d3a2-4824-afe5-5498bd053c4b","title":"Singapore Gas Company is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Gas Company was a private enterprise established in 1861 to provide piped gas to light Singapore’s streets.[1] A year later, the company oversaw the construction of Kallang Gasworks, the machinery through which piped gas was manufactured","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":93,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=55186813-8632-4a74-b386-22a2aaba39c2","identifier_uuid":"55186813-8632-4a74-b386-22a2aaba39c2","title":"Khong Guan Biscuit Factory is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Khong Guan Biscuit Factory was set up in Singapore in 1947 by two brothers – Chew Choo Keng and Chew Choo Han – who came from Fujian province in China.[1] From its first factory in Paya Lebar,[2] the business expanded into peninsular Malaya in the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":94,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=58ec5658-5cc5-4e23-83f3-416ab4d71f5a","identifier_uuid":"58ec5658-5cc5-4e23-83f3-416ab4d71f5a","title":"Xmi","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"Nan Chiau High School {18488326}","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/5/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Xmi Pte Ltd is a Singapore-based small and medium-size enterprise (SME) that specialises in the production of portable speakers, with a focus on audio technology innovation. Founded in 2006, Xmi is the first in the market to produce and retail a pocket-size speaker. Its products are now sold in more than 80 countries.","table_of_contents":"[Xmi] -- Background and establishment -- Company profile -- Products -- Partners and sponsorships -- Selected awards -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":95,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"5cf4ab17-79ae-43a8-ab4a-815d09443bd7","title":"Penerbitan buku Melayu Singapura (2001-2010)","alternative":"NA","creator":"Mazelan bin Anuar","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"5/5/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 7, issue 1 (Apr. 2011), p. 28-31.","abstract":"Artikel ini merupakan peninjauan awal ke atas penerbitan buku Melayu di Singapura dari tahun 2001 hingga ke 2010.\r\nDalam dekad ini hanya kira-kira 150 judul diterbitkan, jumlah ini menunjukkan penerbitan industri buku Melayu di Singapura semakin merosot. Antaranya buku-buku tentang Islam, buku teks sekolah dan buku cereka atau fiksyen adalah genre yang paling banyak diterbitkan. Majlis Bahasa Melayu Singapura sebagai institusi yang memelihara status bahasa Melayu dan mendukung pengembangannya mungkin perlu mengambil langkah untuk membangunkan semula penerbitan buku Melayu di Singapura melalui kerjasama dengan para penerbit, agensi pemerintah dan juga penulis setempat.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Malay imprints--Singapore|Book industries and trade--Singapore|Publishers and publishing--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"may","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without prior permission from the copyright holder."},{"_id":96,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5e547f82-ef3b-489b-8a2a-79ece9f14cea","identifier_uuid":"5e547f82-ef3b-489b-8a2a-79ece9f14cea","title":"Esso’s refinery opens at Pulau Ayer Chawan","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Esso’s refinery at Pulau Ayer Chawan, which is today part of Jurong Island, was opened by then Finance Minister Hon Sui Sen on 19 February 1971.[1] Esso was the fourth foreign petroleum firm after Shell, Mobil and British Petroleum to set up in","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":97,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5f4beadf-9982-4a86-870b-cda5cc8641f7","identifier_uuid":"5f4beadf-9982-4a86-870b-cda5cc8641f7","title":"First lot of Economic Restructuring Shares is given out","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 3 May 2002, then Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong announced that a S$3.6-billion Economic Restructuring Shares (ERS) scheme would be implemented to help Singaporeans cope with increases in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) for at least five","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":98,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6065a0ce-1672-479b-b460-ec706260ab3c","identifier_uuid":"6065a0ce-1672-479b-b460-ec706260ab3c","title":"Lim Boon Keng","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/12/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lim Boon Keng (Dr) (林文庆; Lin Wenqing) (b. 18 October 1869, Singapore–d. 1 January 1957, Singapore) was an eminent figure of the Straits Chinese community. Trained as a medical doctor, Lim was also a public intellectual and writer who championed Confucianism and supported Sun Yat-sen’s revolution in China. He served as a member of the Straits Settlements Legislative Council for 14 years, and pushed for social reforms such as female education and regulations on opium consumption with the aim of improving the lives of the Chinese community.","table_of_contents":"[Lim Boon Keng] -- Early life and education -- Medical career and health reforms -- Political involvement -- Social reforms -- World War II -- Commercial ventures -- Selected bibliography -- Legacy -- Selected honours -- Family -- Authors -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Lim, Boon Keng, 1869-1957|Peranakan (Asian people)--Singapore--Biography|Pioneers--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Community and Social Services {18486492}|Economy {18486515}|Pioneers {18336121}|Community leaders {18486764}|Trade and industry {18486530}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":99,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=60688ba6-4e53-4945-9e48-9759eb4e01f0","identifier_uuid":"60688ba6-4e53-4945-9e48-9759eb4e01f0","title":"Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC) was incorporated on 31 October 1932 through the merger of three Hokkien banks[1] – the Chinese Commercial Bank Ltd. (established in 1912),[2] Ho Hong Bank Ltd. (1917)[3] and Oversea-Chinese Bank Ltd.","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":100,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=61c89041-393a-4466-b638-a62d01286665","identifier_uuid":"61c89041-393a-4466-b638-a62d01286665","title":"Oversea-Chinese Bank is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The general boom after World War I, especially the success of the rubber plantation industry in Malaya, heralded the formation of the Oversea-Chinese Bank (OCB) in 1919, with a paid-up capital of $5.25 million.[1] With two rubber magnates – Lim Nee","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."}],"_links":{"start":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_33a99b8455574623be85ba7990025dbe","next":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_33a99b8455574623be85ba7990025dbe&offset=100"},"total":36978}}