{"success":true,"result":{"resource_id":"d_5fc4de804aa42eceaf0cdc7455142002","fields":[{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uri"},{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"title"},{"type":"text","id":"alternative"},{"type":"text","id":"creator"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"digital_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"original_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"date_created"},{"type":"text","id":"has_part_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"description"},{"type":"text","id":"abstract"},{"type":"text","id":"table_of_contents"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_lcsh"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_singheritage"},{"type":"text","id":"language"},{"type":"text","id":"ispartof_collection"},{"type":"text","id":"nlb_type"},{"type":"text","id":"rights"},{"type":"text","id":"access_rights"},{"type":"int4","id":"_id"}],"records":[{"_id":1,"identifier_uri":"https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/vol-18/issue-3/oct-dec-2022/cold-war-propaganda-singapore/","identifier_uuid":"00630de3-66bf-467a-bc8a-cec367f1c7f7","title":"Cold War rivalries fuel propaganda battle in Singapore in the 1940s and 1950s","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chow Chia Yung","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"After World War II, Singapore was a battleground for ideological conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Cold War--Social aspects--Singapore|World politics--1945-1955|Cold War--Propaganda","subject_singheritage":"International relations {18486588}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"NA"},{"_id":2,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=00a6d12b-9d71-491a-936e-1f09c7b23653","identifier_uuid":"00a6d12b-9d71-491a-936e-1f09c7b23653","title":"National service: Early years","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"22/8/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"National service (NS) was introduced in post-independence Singapore when the National Service (Amendment) Act came into effect on 17 March 1967. Then Defence Minister Goh Keng Swee justified the government’s decision to introduce compulsory conscription of male youths on the grounds of establishing a credible defence force and nation-building for Singapore. NS was also seen as the best way to quickly build up Singapore’s defence forces without placing a heavy burden on the country’s financial and manpower resources.","table_of_contents":"[National Service: Early years] -- National Service Ordinance of 1952 -- National Service after independence -- National Service (Amendment) Bill -- National Service for the pioneer batch -- References.","subject_lcsh":"National service--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|National defence {18337608}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":3,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=00df90f2-a3ac-4e9b-b507-f338eb2f933c","identifier_uuid":"00df90f2-a3ac-4e9b-b507-f338eb2f933c","title":"State Development Plan, 1961–1964","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/10/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The State Development Plan, also referred to as the First Development Plan, was the first official blueprint for the economic development of Singapore after it attained self-government in 1959. Produced by the Ministry of Finance, the plan aimed to solve the pressing issues of economic stagnation and high unemployment rate through an expansion in manufacturing.","table_of_contents":"[State Development Plan 1961–1964] -- Background -- Details of the plan -- Projects under the plan -- Progress and developments -- Revisions and subsequent plan -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":4,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=01e062e5-388f-4c7a-a01a-af2d09778a95","identifier_uuid":"01e062e5-388f-4c7a-a01a-af2d09778a95","title":"Thio Chan Bee","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/12/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Thio Chan Bee (b. 5 April 1904, Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia–d. 13 December 1978, location unknown) was an educationist and politician. He was the first Asian principal of the Anglo-Chinese School (ACS), serving in the position from 1952 to 1960. His political career spanned various appointments in the Legislative Council and later the Legislative Assembly.","table_of_contents":"[Thio Chan Bee] -- Early years -- Teaching career -- Political career -- Death -- Family life -- Selected awards -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Thio, Chan Bee|Educators--Singapore--Biography|Politicians--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng|eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":5,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=02a39a09-3316-441d-99e8-b21cf163dabb","identifier_uuid":"02a39a09-3316-441d-99e8-b21cf163dabb","title":"Land Clearance and Resettlement Working Party is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"By 1955, there was a pressing need to clear land and resettle families in Singapore. Land was required by the government to build schools, hospitals, roads, housing and other public projects.[1] There were also issues of overcrowding in the city","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":6,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=039e3be1-1a10-49cc-8721-e68048399b83","identifier_uuid":"039e3be1-1a10-49cc-8721-e68048399b83","title":"Singapore Volunteer Rifle Corps is set up","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Volunteer Rifle Corps was the first volunteer corps established in Singapore.[1] Acting as a supplement to the local constabulary, the volunteer corps was formed to strengthen the internal security of Singapore, which was compromised by","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":7,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=04d3f708-c117-457a-9ea0-9717f9f03971","identifier_uuid":"04d3f708-c117-457a-9ea0-9717f9f03971","title":"The Chinese Protectorate","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Lee, Gracie","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"6/3/2008","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Chinese Protectorate was established in the Straits Settlements in 1877 to address matters concerning the Chinese community. Its main functions included establishing a pool of civil servants conversant in the Chinese language, managing newly arrived coolie labourers, regulating secret societies, rescuing female victims of prostitution and containment of venereal diseases.","table_of_contents":"[The Chinese Protectorate] -- Office of the Chinese Protectorate -- Functions -- Training Chinese speaking officers -- Eradicating abuses in coolie trade -- Regulating Chinese secret society activities -- Liberating women from prostitution -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Chinese--Singapore--Social conditions|Chinese--Singapore--History--19th century","subject_singheritage":"Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":8,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=050a312b-731e-406c-b000-9c4999ac0f7a","identifier_uuid":"050a312b-731e-406c-b000-9c4999ac0f7a","title":"Cecil Clementi Smith is governor of the Straits Settlements","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Cecil Clementi Smith succeeded Frederick Weld as governor of the Straits Settlements in 1887.[1] Clementi began his career in the colonial service in 1864 as a cadet in Hong Kong where he acquired his knowledge of Chinese culture.[2] He then served in","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Personalities {18336114}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":9,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=05b15df9-31dc-4b56-83d2-a637c11d49ab","identifier_uuid":"05b15df9-31dc-4b56-83d2-a637c11d49ab","title":"Israeli President Chaim Herzog visits Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Israeli President Chaim Herzog paid a three-day official visit to Singapore from 18 to 20 November 1986 at the invitation of then President Wee Kim Wee.[1] Herzog was the first Israeli head of state to visit Singapore. His trip was part of a tour of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":10,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=05eb540b-48dd-4a2a-9b54-2066fc1cbed9","identifier_uuid":"05eb540b-48dd-4a2a-9b54-2066fc1cbed9","title":"King Edward VII College of Medicine","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/1/2011","has_part_uuid":"ea5ee842-06a4-4bef-a3be-5ac05834500f","description":"NA","abstract":"The King Edward VII College of Medicine was established in 1905 as the Straits and Federated Malay States Government Medical School. It was renamed King Edward VII Medical School in 1912, and then King Edward VII College of Medicine in 1921. In 1982, the College of Medicine became the Faculty of Medicine, part of what is now the National University of Singapore. In 2005, it renamed again as Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine. The College of Medicine Building, built in 1926 and located within the grounds of the Singapore General Hospital, was gazetted as a national monument in 2002.","table_of_contents":"[King Edward VII College of Medicine] -- Beginnings -- New buildings and names -- Japanese Occupation of Singapore (1942-45) -- Postwar developments -- Recent developments -- Alumni -- College of Medicine Building -- Timeline -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Medical colleges--Singapore|King Edward VII College of Medicine","subject_singheritage":"Schools (Buildings) {18336108}|Public health {18486679}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":11,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=061328c9-ea68-4f84-9a2a-86f5c0ba8bfa","identifier_uuid":"061328c9-ea68-4f84-9a2a-86f5c0ba8bfa","title":"Raffles Medical Group","alternative":"NA","creator":"Thulaja, Naidu Ratnala","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heirwin M. Nasir","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/11/2002","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Established in 1976, Raffles Medical Group is one of Singapore’s largest private integrated healthcare providers. It operates a network of medical and dental facilities throughout the island, and provides specialised medical services such as evacuation and repatriation. In addition, the group is a shareholder Raffles Hospital and manufactures its own range of healthcare products. Raffles Medical has diversified into other business activities such as consultancy services.","table_of_contents":"[Raffles Medical Group] -- Early history -- Later developments -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Business enterprises--Singapore|Medical care--Singapore|Integrated delivery of health care--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Public health {18486679}|Business enterprises {18338062}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":12,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0613c852-aed1-4b29-81fb-faf7de447092","identifier_uuid":"0613c852-aed1-4b29-81fb-faf7de447092","title":"Two-child policy","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/11/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The two-child policy was a population control measure introduced by the Singapore government during the 1970s to encourage couples to have no more than two children. It was part of the second Five-Year National Family Planning Programme (1972–75) that was unveiled at the launch of the 1972 National Family Planning Campaign. As part of the two-child policy, the government introduced a set of disincentives pertaining to childbirth fees, income tax, maternity leave and prioritisation of public housing allocation aimed at penalising couples who had more than two children from 1 August 1973 onwards. In addition, the government launched an array of family-planning events to garner public support for the policy. Among the most notable activities were the publicity campaigns that carried messages such as “Small families, brighter future – Two is enough” and “The more you have, the less they get – Two is enough”.","table_of_contents":"[Two-child policy] -- Background -- Introduction of the two-child policy -- Penalising large families -- Campaigning for a two-family norm -- Clinical measures -- Results and revision -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore--Population policy|Family size--Government policy--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":13,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0618ed95-2618-442a-ba3b-5e402eea23b1","identifier_uuid":"0618ed95-2618-442a-ba3b-5e402eea23b1","title":"Ong Pang Boon","alternative":"NA","creator":"Koh, Jaime","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/9/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Ong Pang Boon (b. 28 March 1929, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya–) was a politician and a prominent member of the People’s Action Party (PAP). He was appointed the minister for home affairs in the first cabinet of Singapore following the party’s victory in the 1959 Legislative Assembly general election. Ong went on to hold several key ministerial posts during his political career. His other portfolios included education, labour, environment and communications. Ong stepped down from the cabinet in 1984 and was a backbencher until his retirement from politics in 1988.","table_of_contents":"[Ong Pang Boon] -- Early life and education -- Politicisation -- Ministerial positions -- Campaign against “yellow culture” -- Fight against crime -- Bilingualism and technical education -- Retirement -- Family -- Timeline -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Ong, Pang Boon, 1929-|Politicians--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Personalities {18336114}|Politicians {18337244}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":14,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=072b1248-63b0-4b30-8a04-ba1742961351","identifier_uuid":"072b1248-63b0-4b30-8a04-ba1742961351","title":"Area Licensing Scheme","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/8/2014 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Area Licensing Scheme (ALS) was launched on 2 June 1975. Designed to reduce traffic congestion in the Central Business District (CBD), the key concept underlying the ALS was that a special supplementary licence had to be obtained at a cost if a motorist wanted to enter the CBD’s restricted zone (RZ). The ALS was the world’s first area licensing scheme when it was launched in Singapore. It was one of a series of stringent measures undertaken by the Singapore government to ease traffic congestion in the city area. Other traffic management measures introduced at that time included the Park-and-Ride scheme and car pooling.","table_of_contents":"[Area Licensing Scheme] -- Traffic congestion in the CBD -- Addressing the congestion problem -- Concept underlying the ALS -- Launch of the ALS -- Success of the ALS -- Shortcomings of the ALS -- Replacement of the ALS -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Area Licensing Scheme--Singapore|Urban transportation policy--Singapore|City traffic--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Transportation law {18336582}|Transportation Policy {18336577}|Transportation {18336129}|Law {18486590}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}|NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":15,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=07c3c57d-55ed-48db-b4ff-e90bf0391504","identifier_uuid":"07c3c57d-55ed-48db-b4ff-e90bf0391504","title":"Monopolies Department begins operation","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Monopolies Department began operation on 1 January 1910. It was set up by the British colonial government to oversee all opium and spirit farms in the Straits Settlements in a bid to control the production and sale of opium as well as curb opium","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":16,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=07d7e2c6-e52c-4be5-9d0b-eb9080448908","identifier_uuid":"07d7e2c6-e52c-4be5-9d0b-eb9080448908","title":"National Day songs","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/3/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore government has commissioned national songs since the 1980s. The early songs featured strong nationalistic themes and resembled advertising jingles. Since then, national songs have taken on a pop sensibility and become a showcase for local musical talent. These songs play a major role in the annual National Day parade.","table_of_contents":"[National day songs] -- Background -- Songs of the 1980s -- Songs of the 1990s -- Songs since 2000 -- Reactions -- List of national day songs -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Arts {18336109}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":17,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=07f0aaea-4348-4e34-947e-69448be4407f","identifier_uuid":"07f0aaea-4348-4e34-947e-69448be4407f","title":"Pangkor Treaty is signed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Forged between the British and the local Malay chiefs of Perak, the Pangkor Treaty of 1874 (also known as the “Pangkor Engagement”) resolved the Perak succession dispute in favour of Raja Abdullah and ended the clashes between Chinese groups for","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":18,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=07ffb260-e535-4dbb-a946-fa3403f47e72","identifier_uuid":"07ffb260-e535-4dbb-a946-fa3403f47e72","title":"National registration for Singapore identity cards begins","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The national registration for pink and blue Singapore identity cards began on 9 May 1966 with pink cards for citizens and blue ones for non-citizens who are permanent residents (PRs).[1] The exercise was governed by the National Registration Act of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2010.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2010 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":19,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=087077c7-e470-4764-83fe-b3f4ed40157b","identifier_uuid":"087077c7-e470-4764-83fe-b3f4ed40157b","title":"1963 Legislative Assembly General Election","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The 1963 Legislative Assembly general election was held five days after Singapore merged with the Federation of Malaya to form Malaysia. More than 200 candidates contested for 51 seats.[1] The People's Action Party returned 37 out of the 51 seats","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2011 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":20,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=09325feb-9611-4052-be91-6388123d1105","identifier_uuid":"09325feb-9611-4052-be91-6388123d1105","title":"Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau is set up","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) was set up in September 1952 by the colonial government to replace the Anti-Corruption Branch of the Criminal Investigation Department as the agency to control and prevent corruption in Singapore.[1]","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":21,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=093e9cc2-11c3-4cbc-af25-cc15f5d31b33","identifier_uuid":"093e9cc2-11c3-4cbc-af25-cc15f5d31b33","title":"Keppel Shipyard is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Keppel Harbour is reputed to be the oldest shipyard in Singapore. Its history can traced back to two ship-repair companies – New Harbour Dock Company and Tanjong Pagar Dock Company[1] – that were established in the 19th century.[2] In 1905, the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at February 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":22,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=093ecbc7-b83d-4916-9868-9d8465378096","identifier_uuid":"093ecbc7-b83d-4916-9868-9d8465378096","title":"Kallang Gasworks","alternative":"NA","creator":"Tan, Bonny","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/4/1999","has_part_uuid":"4edd9883-b5dd-43bd-ab77-22077598b873","description":"NA","abstract":"Constructed in 1862 by the Singapore Gas Company, Kallang Gasworks was the first site dedicated to the manufacture of gas from coal for street lighting. In 1901, this function was taken over by the Municipal Commissioners, and gas production was expanded for industrial and home use. Kallang Gasworks was decommissioned in March 1998 and its function was taken over by Senoko Gasworks.","table_of_contents":"[Kallang Gasworks] -- Early history -- Modern gas works -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Gas companies--Singapore|Public utilities--Singapore|Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Public utilities {18486592}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":23,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=09a2ef2c-743e-44f3-9bb4-39c6ed34c90d","identifier_uuid":"09a2ef2c-743e-44f3-9bb4-39c6ed34c90d","title":"Merger with Malaysia","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"6/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"On 16 September 1963, Singapore merged with the Federation of Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo (present-day Sabah) to form the Federation of Malaysia. Since its exclusion from the Malayan Union in 1946, seeking a union with Malaya had been Singapore’s projected path to secure economic viability and achieve independence. However, the path towards merger was not easy because the former British colony had to overcome reservations held by the Malayan government in Kuala Lumpur and manage the political fallout caused by the far-left in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":24,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=09e58ad8-047b-412e-b5a6-0c5b79035949","identifier_uuid":"09e58ad8-047b-412e-b5a6-0c5b79035949","title":"Public Service Division","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"12/9/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Public Service Division (PSD) was established under the Ministry of Finance (MOF) on 3 January 1983 to serve as the central body dealing with matters relating to personnel management and career development in the civil service. These matters had previously been handled separately by several government bodies. PSD was transferred to the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) in 1994. The division now manages the human resource and development policies of public service officers as well as provides support for the “Public Service for the 21st Century” (PS21) movement aimed at building a first-class public service for Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Public Service Division] -- Background -- Establishment -- Later developments -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore. Prime Minister's Office. Public Service Division","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}|Government agencies {18336197}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":25,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"0b48bc83-47c3-4e9e-a8ad-0cc0a4f6c7bd","title":"Drafting a nation : memories of conscription in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Hong, Tuck Chuen|Ho, Fook Cheong","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2011-07","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in Biblioasia, v. 7, issue 2 (July 2011), p. 28-29.","abstract":"This article comprises a brief recollection by Hong Tuck Chuen about the first batch of national servicemen and their training and a reproduction of the certificate of registration of Ho Fook Cheong who registered to be in the first batch of national service enlistees in 1954.","table_of_contents":"National Service Ordinance, 1953 : Certificate of registration.","subject_lcsh":"National service--Singapore|Draftees--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"National defence {18337608}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without prior permission from the copyright holder."},{"_id":26,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0b508b32-e1b8-487f-b8da-b3baa739a514","identifier_uuid":"0b508b32-e1b8-487f-b8da-b3baa739a514","title":"Development guide plans","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Lim, Irene","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"20/10/2008 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Development guide plans (DGPs) are detailed short- to medium-term land-use plans completed between 1993 and 1998 as part of a comprehensive review of the Master Plan 1985. The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), the national land-use planning agency, divided Singapore into 55 planning areas and drew up a DGP for each of these areas. A blueprint of the living, working and leisure environment in Singapore, the 55 DGPs together formed the overall Master Plan 1998, which was gazetted on 22 January 1999. The URA released the first of its 55 DGPs in 1993. The final DGP was released in 1998.","table_of_contents":"[Development guide plans] -- History -- Description -- Objectives -- Process -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Land use--Planning--Singapore|Urban renewal--Singapore|City planning--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Urban planning {18336138}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":27,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0b58d8d7-5998-4647-9047-2ec64589bd3a","identifier_uuid":"0b58d8d7-5998-4647-9047-2ec64589bd3a","title":"The National Pledge is taken","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"fb85cfdc-0f37-498b-bc65-49be49d34e00|65816479-f89b-41ed-8aa6-0c190ed85980","description":"On 24 August 1966, about 500,000 students at all 529 government and aided schools held the first daily recitation of the pledge of allegiance before the national flag.[1] Since then, the pledge-taking ceremony has been observed daily during school","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2010.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2010 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":28,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0c0e8e39-538d-45d6-b952-abf22b4a65f8","identifier_uuid":"0c0e8e39-538d-45d6-b952-abf22b4a65f8","title":"New Education System","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"In August 1978, then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Keng Swee was tasked to lead a study team to identify problems in Singapore’s education system and propose solutions. The government had felt that a thorough review was crucial to align the education system with the rapidly changing social and economic needs of the country. A key aim of the exercise was to consider how education policies and their implementation could be made more flexible to enable each child to learn at a pace suited to his or her ability. The resultant recommendations laid the foundations for a system of ability-driven education based on streaming known as the New Education System (NES).","table_of_contents":"[New Education System] -- Shortcomings in the education system -- Recommendations -- Primary schools -- Secondary schools -- Effectiveness and subsequent changes -- Author --  References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":29,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0daaa112-a100-4bbf-8907-8ea4472c26c3","identifier_uuid":"0daaa112-a100-4bbf-8907-8ea4472c26c3","title":"Speak Mandarin Campaign is launched","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Speak Mandarin Campaign was launched by then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew on 7 September 1979 with the aim of simplifying the language environment and improving communication among Chinese Singaporeans.[1] Singapore adopted a bilingual education","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Events {18455339}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Aug 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":30,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=108ae831-8d3e-410f-b056-130c4ec36add","identifier_uuid":"108ae831-8d3e-410f-b056-130c4ec36add","title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, 2003","alternative":"SARS outbreak, 2003","creator":"Chew, Valerie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/6/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) apparently started in Foshan in Guangdong, China, with the first case being seen on 16 November 2002. From there it spread through China and worldwide as far as Canada. The outbreak officially ended on 5 July 2003 when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared SARS contained worldwide.\r\n\r\nThe outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore began in February 2003 when a young woman who had been infected while holidaying abroad returned to Singapore. Consequently, a chain of transmission that spread the SARS virus in Singapore developed. By the time the infection was brought under control, there were 238 cases here, 33 of whom died. Besides Singapore, more than 20 other countries also reported SARS cases during this global epidemic. After the implementation of various stringent measures, including home quarantine, blanket screening of incoming travellers and school closures, the outbreak in Singapore was finally contained in May 2003.","table_of_contents":"[Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, 2003] -- Background -- Transmissions -- Key response measures -- Impact of SARS -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"SARS (Disease)--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Public health {18486679}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":31,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=110282aa-7484-4b1c-91cf-3aa5ac17abd7","identifier_uuid":"110282aa-7484-4b1c-91cf-3aa5ac17abd7","title":"Inauguration of the Workers’ Party","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 23 June 1957, Singapore’s then Chief Minister David Marshall mooted the idea of forming a “political party whose membership is exclusively trade unionists” to protect the welfare and rights of workers in Singapore.[1] A draft constitution of the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":32,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=116943ef-42f9-4abb-89c5-0bf17da61d08","identifier_uuid":"116943ef-42f9-4abb-89c5-0bf17da61d08","title":"Sri Temasek","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sutherland, Duncan","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"30/5/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Sri Temasek is a 19th-century bungalow designated as the prime minister’s official residence. It was formerly the residence of the colonial secretary. While the house has been unoccupied since 1959, it was used regularly for meetings and official social events during the 1960s and 1970s. The building deteriorated during a period of disuse, but was restored in 2008. The house is situated within the grounds of The Istana.","table_of_contents":"[Sri Temasek] -- History -- Description -- Recent events -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":33,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=126b6b07-f796-4b4c-b658-938001e3213e","identifier_uuid":"126b6b07-f796-4b4c-b658-938001e3213e","title":"Indonesia announces Konfrontasi (Confrontation)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Konfrontasi (or Confrontation, 1963–1966) was Indonesia’s response to the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, arising from the British decolonisation process in Southeast Asia.[1] Konfrontasi involved armed incursions, bomb attacks and other","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Dec 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":34,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1285d47e-d8a0-40c5-b497-553ec7f63ca8","identifier_uuid":"1285d47e-d8a0-40c5-b497-553ec7f63ca8","title":"Public Utilities Board is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In July 1951, L. C. Hill, a British expert on public administration, arrived in Singapore at the invitation of the British colonial government to study and report on the local government structure of the island.[1] Hill submitted his report on local","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2011 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":35,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=133363ea-f8c3-455e-808a-093be816b12c","identifier_uuid":"133363ea-f8c3-455e-808a-093be816b12c","title":"Casino Control Act","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heng, Hock Mei","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"30/11/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Casino Control Act was enacted in 2006 to regulate the operations and gaming in casinos in preparation for the opening of the Integrated Resorts (IRs). It established and made provision for the Casino Regulatory Authority of Singapore (CRA) to administer and enforce the Act, and empowers the National Council on Problem Gambling to issue casino exclusion orders.1 In 2022, the Casino Control Act came under the Gambling Regulatory Authority (GRA), which was formed from the CRA.","table_of_contents":"[The Casino Control Act] -- Background -- History -- Description -- Timeline -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Casinos--Law and legislation--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Law {18486590}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2021.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":36,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=13635c75-128d-4563-bcf0-bafde8fece6e","identifier_uuid":"13635c75-128d-4563-bcf0-bafde8fece6e","title":"Penal Code Section 377A","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heng, Hock Mei","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/1/2010","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Penal Code Section 377A prohibited oral and anal sex between men. It was hotly debated between gay supporters, who wanted the discriminatory clause to be repealed, and their opponents, who supported its retention.  Section 377A was challenged in court five times between 2010 and 2019. On 3 January 2023, the Singapore government repealed Section 377A.","table_of_contents":"[Penal Code Section 377A] -- Background -- Retention of 377A in 2007 -- Aftermath of 2007 Parliamentary Debate -- Constitutional challenges -- Consultation and subsequent repeal -- Timeline -- Authors -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Criminal law--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":37,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=139cd6b7-7672-4163-9640-db47447e9399","identifier_uuid":"139cd6b7-7672-4163-9640-db47447e9399","title":"Federation of Malaysia","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/7/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Federation of Malaysia was formed following the merger of the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak on 16 September 1963. Then Prime Minister of Malaya Tunku Abdul Rahman was initially resistant to the idea of Singapore joining Malaysia. He was concerned that the large Chinese community in Singapore would displace the Malays as the majority in the federation. There was also the threat that Malaya would be similarly engulfed by the communist subversion and radical left-wing movements that were causing political instability in Singapore and Borneo territories. Ultimately, almost 700,000 Borneo natives were brought into the federation to prevent a Chinese majority after merger with Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Federation of Malaysia] -- Proposal of merger -- Opposition to merger -- Radio talks on the merger by Lee Kuan Yew -- 1962 Referendum -- Operation Coldstore -- Konfrontasi -- 1964 election -- Political and economic differences -- Separation -- The birth of Singapore -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore--History--1963-1965","subject_singheritage":"1955-1965 Road to independence {18455347}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Political development {18486587}|Political events {18544984}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":38,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=15242a47-1ff7-4996-8723-6d752a4b10f0","identifier_uuid":"15242a47-1ff7-4996-8723-6d752a4b10f0","title":"Construction of Fort Canning begins","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Fort Canning was one of Singapore’s first British-built fortifications. Named after then Governor-General and later first Viceroy of India (1856–1862) Viscount Charles John Canning, Fort Canning was a redoubt following the contour of the top of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":39,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=153040f3-9475-444a-ba5c-be2a56658c34","identifier_uuid":"153040f3-9475-444a-ba5c-be2a56658c34","title":"Land Acquisition Act 1966","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/4/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Land Acquisition Act was introduced on 17 June 1967 to provide the government with the legal framework to acquire private land compulsorily at market prices. The key objective of the act was to make land available readily and cheaply for the housing, commercial and industrial projects of public agencies such as the Housing and Development Board (HDB), the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) and the Jurong Town Corporation (JTC).","table_of_contents":"[The landmark 1967 Land Acquisition Act] -- Pressing needs for land -- Biggest landowner -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Law {18486590}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":40,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=156f0c70-8446-4386-ab34-e67de71a79ca","identifier_uuid":"156f0c70-8446-4386-ab34-e67de71a79ca","title":"Launch of The Pinnacle@Duxton","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Launched on 29 May 2004,[1] The Pinnacle@Duxton is the tallest public-housing project in Singapore and also one of the priciest. The project is situated at the 25,163-square-metre Duxton Plain on Cantonment Road, the site where the Housing and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":41,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1665605a-de43-4e02-a8aa-c3d8f42a1c8c","identifier_uuid":"1665605a-de43-4e02-a8aa-c3d8f42a1c8c","title":"Little India riot","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"18/2/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"A riot that lasted about two hours erupted in Little India on Sunday, 8 December 2013, following a fatal traffic accident that had occurred along Race Course Road. Some 300 rioters took part in the unrest, which was the worst case of public violence in Singapore in over four decades. About 240 officers from the Singapore Police Force (SPF) as well as 56 from the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) were deployed to the scene. The riot left 54 responding officers and eight civilians injured, while 29 vehicles were damaged, five of which were burnt. As a result of the incident, measures such as increased police presence and alcohol restrictions have been implemented in Little India to prevent a repeat of such unrest.","table_of_contents":"[Little India riot] -- Background -- The traffic accident -- The riot -- Aftermath -- Committee of inquiry -- Post-riot measures -- Action against the rioters -- Chronology of events -- Author -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Events {18455339}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":42,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=16832579-04f7-4578-bf4d-65bc2d55cf90","identifier_uuid":"16832579-04f7-4578-bf4d-65bc2d55cf90","title":"Design and Build Scheme is introduced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Design and Build Scheme was introduced by the Housing and Development Board (HDB) in 1991 to inject more variety into public housing designs. Under the scheme, private architectural and construction firms were invited to take part in the design","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":43,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=16e4cb2c-7e75-4d33-b1cf-b11cf2da4104","identifier_uuid":"16e4cb2c-7e75-4d33-b1cf-b11cf2da4104","title":"King George VI Dock opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"King George VI Dock (KG6) was the world’s largest drydock when it was unveiled on 14 February 1938.[1] At 1,000-feet (305 m) long, 130-feet (40 m) wide and 35-feet (11 m) deep,  the dock  could accommodate  the largest capital naval ship of the time –","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Streets and Places {18336099}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":44,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"16ff5a81-8fe3-422a-a374-f975f5cd2d84","title":"Singapore and the Middle East : forging a dynamic relationship","alternative":"NA","creator":"Silm, Bouchaib","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2009-10","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 5, issue 3 (Oct. 2009), p. 23-28.","abstract":"Serious engagement between Singapore and the Middle East\r\nbegan in 2004, when Mr Goh Chok Tong made several official visits to the Middle East. These visits were soon followed by Singapore’s hosting of the inaugural Asia-Middle East Dialogue (AMED) in June 2005, which offered an opportunity for Middle Eastern representatives and their counterparts from other Asian countries to discuss issues of mutual concern. This paper suggests that economic development which promotes social and political stability is the yardstick by which the success of any state is determined. Singapore is a good example and therefore highly qualified to take the lead in increasing economic ties between Asia and the Middle East. Indeed, its sophisticated infrastructure, strategic location and excellent relations with the Middle East are just a few of the driving factors that have put Singapore forward as an ideal trading partner for the Gulf States and the rest of the countries of the Middle East.","table_of_contents":"A region of complex images -- Singapore and the Middle East : increasing mutual cooperation -- Knowledge is power -- Dynamic governance -- Conclusion -- Endnotes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore--Foreign relations--Middle East|Middle East--Foreign relations--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":45,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=17594f70-1a95-4ea8-b209-02104059a140","identifier_uuid":"17594f70-1a95-4ea8-b209-02104059a140","title":"Remaking Singapore Committee is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Remaking Singapore Committee was formed on 14 February 2002 to reshape the existing political, social and cultural norms of Singapore.[1] Led by then Minister of State for National Development Vivian Balakrishnan, the focus of the committee was to","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":46,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=18078256-1e32-4f97-b776-c6dc62bdb7b2","identifier_uuid":"18078256-1e32-4f97-b776-c6dc62bdb7b2","title":"Hon Sui Sen","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"29/3/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Benedict Hon Sui Sen (b. 16 April 1916, Balik Pulau, Penang–d. 14 October 1983, Singapore), widely known as Hon Sui Sen, was the first chairman of the Economic Development Board (EDB; 1961–68), and the first chairman and president of the Development Bank of Singapore (DBS; 1968–70). One of the pioneers responsible for the economic development of post-independence Singapore, Hon played an instrumental role in Singapore’s industrial and financial market developments during his 44 years of service in the public sector – first as a civil servant and then cabinet minister. Hon entered politics after being persuaded by then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and was subsequently elected unopposed as the member of Parliament (MP) for the Havelock constituency during a by-election in 1970. Later that year, he was appointed minister for finance – a position he held for over 13 years, making him one of the longest-serving finance ministers in the world.","table_of_contents":"[Hon Sui Sen] -- Early life and education -- Career in civil service and quasi -government organisations -- Political career -- Key contributions -- Awards -- Family -- Death -- Key appointments -- Awards and honours -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Hon Sui Sen, 1916-1983|Politicians--Singapore--Biography|Finance ministers--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politicians {18337244}|Community leaders {18486764}|Personalities {18336114}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":47,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=183c4002-a13d-4e58-9219-1a7bccd0ac41","identifier_uuid":"183c4002-a13d-4e58-9219-1a7bccd0ac41","title":"Singapore Malay National Organisation is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura (PKMS), or Singapore Malay National Organisation, was originally the Singapore branch of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and had roots in the Singapore Malay Union (Kesatuan Melayu","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":48,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=189c5b78-e21f-442d-8f93-c8ee64b1b515","identifier_uuid":"189c5b78-e21f-442d-8f93-c8ee64b1b515","title":"National Trades Union Congress","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/3/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) was established on 6 September 1961, with Mahmud Awang as the pro-tem chairman and C. V. Devan Nair its first secretary-general. The labour movement initially represented only a minority of unionised workers. Its membership, however, expanded quickly; by 1965, it was representing the majority of the organised workers in Singapore. In 1969, in view of the rapid industrialisation and economic development that were to take place in Singapore the following decade, the NTUC transformed its role from a bargaining institution into a social entity with an unequivocal stake in the country’s economy and which seeks to improve workers’ well-being through a range of means. As laid out in its constitution, the NTUC’s key objectives include improving working conditions and enhancing the economic and social status of workers, as well as the promotion of good industrial relations for the benefit of workers, employers and the economy.","table_of_contents":"[National Trades Union Congress] -- Background and establishment -- Modernisation of the labour movement -- Social enterprises, amenities and skills upgrading initiatives -- Restructuring of unions -- Symbiotic ties between NTUC and the PAP government -- Headquarters -- NTUC’s secretaries-general over the years -- Timeline -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore National Trades Union Congress","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}|Community and Social Services {18486492}|Organisations {18455234}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":49,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=194d7f99-c8b6-408e-86cf-8ebfb8547d28","identifier_uuid":"194d7f99-c8b6-408e-86cf-8ebfb8547d28","title":"Shared Values","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"13/7/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Shared Values are five national values of Singapore. They were formalised by the government on 15 January 1991 to forge a national identity in the face of a changing society with evolving values. The Shared Values were formulated according to the nation’s multicultural heritage, as well as the attitudes and values that have contributed to the success of Singapore. They are inculcated through education in schools.","table_of_contents":"[Shared Values] -- Background -- Formulation -- Debate and amendments -- The Five Shared Values -- Inculcating the Shared Values -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"Ideology--Singapore|Nationalism--Singapore|National characteristics, Singaporean","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|National symbols {18336136}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":50,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1b1f20c7-d8b6-4ee2-a0bc-90eaf7828da7","identifier_uuid":"1b1f20c7-d8b6-4ee2-a0bc-90eaf7828da7","title":"People's Action Party: Pre-independence years","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"4/2/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The People’s Action Party (PAP) was established on 21 November 1954 with the primary objective of striving for Singapore’s independence from British rule. The political party was first led by Lee Kuan Yew as its secretary-general, with Toh Chin Chye as its founding chairman. The PAP was voted into power in the Legislative Assembly general election held on 30 May 1959 and officially became the first fully elected government of the self-governing state of Singapore on 5 June 1959, with Lee as the state’s first prime minister.","table_of_contents":"[People's Action Party: Pre-independence years] -- Background -- Establishment -- Early developments: 1955–1959 -- Key developments: 1959–1965 -- Party core values, logo and uniform -- Party structure -- Branches -- Timeline: Pre-independence -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"People's Action Party (Singapore)","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":51,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1c41d165-dcf3-4843-9f26-7cdef69f99f6","identifier_uuid":"1c41d165-dcf3-4843-9f26-7cdef69f99f6","title":"November 1966 Parliamentary By-election","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"A by-election was held to fill vacancies in parliament caused by the resignations of the People's Action Party (PAP) member of parliament (MP), Fong Kim Heng (Joo Chiat), and two Barisan Sosialis (BS) MPs, Chia Thye Poh (Jurong) and Lee Tee Tong","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":52,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1c6a210d-3087-4db5-a261-d0896208a748","identifier_uuid":"1c6a210d-3087-4db5-a261-d0896208a748","title":"New National Library Building on Victoria Street opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The National Library Building on Victoria Street serves as the headquarters of the National Library Board (NLB).[1] At 58,000 sq m in size and built at a cost of S$203 million, the new building is five times larger than the National Library’s former","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Arts {18336109}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at March 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":53,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1c801810-2ed5-4311-b015-492b11c85548","identifier_uuid":"1c801810-2ed5-4311-b015-492b11c85548","title":"Association of Women for Action and Research","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"25/10/2013","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Established in 1985, the Association of Women for Action and Research (AWARE) is a Singapore non-governmental organisation (NGO) concerned with issues of women’s rights and gender quality. AWARE seeks to eliminate gender-based barriers through research, advocacy, education, training and support services.","table_of_contents":"[Association of Women for Action and Research (AWARE)] -- Formation -- Aims, activities and organizational structure -- Developments and achievements -- Controversies -- Presidents -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Community and Social Services {18486492}|Organisations {18455234}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":54,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1cf8e6c4-9fb4-4d10-88af-33472d1d3b63","identifier_uuid":"1cf8e6c4-9fb4-4d10-88af-33472d1d3b63","title":"Cooling-off Day","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"22/11/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The first Cooling-off Day was implemented for Singapore’s general election in 2011. No campaigning activities are allowed on Cooling-off Day, which is designated as the day before polling day to give voters time to think rationally and reflect on the issues that were raised during the campaigning period.","table_of_contents":"[Cooling-off Day] -- Debates in Parliament -- Rules on Cooling-off Day -- Developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Political campaigns--Law and legislation--Singapore|Election law--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Elections {18486589}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":55,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1d106f7e-aca1-4c0e-ac7a-d35d0772707d","identifier_uuid":"1d106f7e-aca1-4c0e-ac7a-d35d0772707d","title":"“Have three, or more if you can afford it” is announced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"“Have three, or more if you can afford it” is the slogan for the government’s new pro-natalist population policy aimed at encouraging parents to have more children.[1] Announced by then First Deputy Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong on 1 March 1987, the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":56,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1d259eac-0264-4325-9446-b09a8fab7c88","identifier_uuid":"1d259eac-0264-4325-9446-b09a8fab7c88","title":"Staff Training Institute (Civil Service College)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"27/7/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Staff Training Institute was set up in 1971 by the government for the training of civil servants in order to enhance the efficiency of the public sector. The establishment of the institute marked an important milestone in the training of civil servants in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Staff Training Institute (Civil Service College)] -- Background and establishment -- STI courses -- Premises and organisational changes -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":57,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1d70568d-47c9-4f00-9a93-9467af32add0","identifier_uuid":"1d70568d-47c9-4f00-9a93-9467af32add0","title":"“The Next Lap” development plan is launched","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Launched on 22 February 1991, The Next Lap is a government document that sets out the framework for Singapore's development over the next 20 to 30 years. It was released as the principal addendum to the presidential address to parliament on 22","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":58,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1dab53ea-788c-461c-acfb-ca625b974c9c","identifier_uuid":"1dab53ea-788c-461c-acfb-ca625b974c9c","title":"Singapore becomes part of Malaysia","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Singapore officially became part of Malaysia on 16 September 1963 following its merger with the Federation of Malaya, Sarawak and North Borneo (Sabah) to form the Federation of Malaysia.[1] For Singapore, the merger with Malaysia had been its","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":59,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1ea4456f-dac4-4f57-9f9d-35d24af35807","identifier_uuid":"1ea4456f-dac4-4f57-9f9d-35d24af35807","title":"Economic Development Board","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/1/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Economic Development Board (EDB) is a statutory board established on 1 August 1961 to spearhead Singapore’s industrialisation programme. Presently, the board plans and executes strategies to enhance Singapore’s position as a global business centre, and its mission is to boost the economy with vibrant business and good job opportunities. Under the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI), the EDB has a network of offices in America, Europe and Asia.","table_of_contents":"[Economic Development Board] -- Background -- 1960s -- 1970s -- 1980s -- 1990s -- 2000s to present -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore. Economic Development Board|Singapore. Economic Development Board--History|Singapore--Economic policy|Singapore--Economic policy--History","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":60,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"1EF2AF54-9EE6-4630-8DA7-76368A46D2ED","title":"Social innovation in Singapore : two case studies of non-governmental organisations in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"Zhang, Liyan","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2009-04","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 5, issue 1 (Apr. 2009) p. 24-27.","abstract":"This paper examines the important role played by two types of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Singapore, namely the Chinese clan associations and the grassroots organizations (GROs), both of which are important from the specific standpoint of social innovation in the country. The first part of the paper presents a case study of the Chinese clan associations, tracing the emergence of these organizations in the early nineteenth century when Singapore was under British colonial rule, the influential role they played in the social life of the Chinese community, and the weakening links of these organizations with the younger generation in post-independent Singapore. It also examines the efforts made by the government and the community to revive these organizations in the latter half of the twentieth century with the growth of China as an emerging economic power and a new awareness of Chinese cultural identity. The second part of the study focuses on the grassroots organisations (GROs), a uniquely Singaporean form of NGOs guided and supported by the government, and examines their functions and hierarchical structure. It traces the emergence of these organizations, which had their roots in the community centres (CCs) a large network of which began to flourish with the establishment of the People’s Association in 1960. After the PAP election victory in 1963, the government decided to institutionalize the grassroots organizations. Subsequently, community-based volunteers’ organizations were formed, followed by the Citizens’ Consultative Committees (CCCs) in 1965, which played a pivotal role in channeling citizens’ suggestions to the government. In the late 1970s, Residents’ Committees (RCs) together with Neighbourhood Committees (NCs) were established to promote neighbourliness and harmony in public housing estates. The paper concludes that both the clan associations and the grassroots organisations have successfully demonstrated their robustness and adaptability over the years, and have contributed significantly in building a prosperous, just and caring society in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"Abstract -- Case study 1: Chinese clan associations. The emergence of Chinese clan associations. The decline of Chinese clan associations. The revival of Chinese clan associations -- Case study 2: grassroots organisations. The emergence of grassroots organisations. The institutionalisation of grassroots organisations -- Endnotes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Social institutions--Singapore|Non-governmental organizations--Singapore|Clans--Singapore|Civil society--Singapore|Singapore--Social conditions","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":61,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1f36c0f3-7a40-45af-bf39-b8d850ed45a5","identifier_uuid":"1f36c0f3-7a40-45af-bf39-b8d850ed45a5","title":"Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership is Singapore’s first free-trade agreement (FTA) with a major trading partner and Japan’s first-ever FTA. It came into effect on 30 November 2002, and the next review of the accord is scheduled to be held after 31 December 2017.","table_of_contents":"[Japan–Singapore Economic Arrangement for a New Age Partnership] -- Background -- Study and negotiation -- Description -- Developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":62,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1f669eff-bc82-49d1-a27c-2624e4cab8c6","identifier_uuid":"1f669eff-bc82-49d1-a27c-2624e4cab8c6","title":"Land Acquisition Act is enforced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"After Singapore gained independence in 1965, the government had a pressing need for an adequate supply of land to carry out its developmental projects, especially those concerning resettlement and industrialisation.[1] The Land Acquisition Ordinance","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":63,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2050a72a-e95a-4b85-bcc2-60df308426ef","identifier_uuid":"2050a72a-e95a-4b85-bcc2-60df308426ef","title":"Franklin Charles Gimson","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Ong, Eng Chuan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/8/2006 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Franklin Charles Gimson (Sir) (b. 10 September 1890, Barrow-upon-Soar, Leicestershire, England–d. 13 February 1975, Yorkshire, England) was Singapore's first postwar governor and commander-in-chief from 1946 to 1952. He was often associated with the rehabilitation of postwar Singapore, and the reconstitution of Singapore’s legislative bodies – including that of the Legislative Council, which represented a bold start in Singapore's journey towards self-government. Gimson also introduced the Income Tax Ordinance in 1947, a task that previous administrators had been unable to do, and which was a response to the wide-ranging welfare improvements planned for Singapore’s postwar rehabilitation.","table_of_contents":"[Franklin Charles Gimson] -- Career in Ceylon and Hong Kong -- Reforms -- Assassination attempt -- Honours -- Retirement -- Death -- Family -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Colonial administrators--Singapore|Gimson, Franklin Charles, 1890-1975","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Education {18339995}|Colonial administrators {18336119}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":64,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=208d33cc-23c8-4d52-865b-c045d156ff69","identifier_uuid":"208d33cc-23c8-4d52-865b-c045d156ff69","title":"The Housing and Development Board is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Established on 1 February 1960, the Housing and Development Board (HDB) was formed for the primary functions of managing new and existing buildings, the clearance and redevelopment of slums and urban areas, and the development of rural and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Aug 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":65,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=21405a81-9376-4f6b-8200-47e62d0cbfc8","identifier_uuid":"21405a81-9376-4f6b-8200-47e62d0cbfc8","title":"Rendel Commission Report is made official","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"3e98b94b-820a-4a2e-92be-55c4e7e4fe39","description":"A nine-man constitutional commission, headed by George Rendel, was appointed on 21 July 1953 to review the constitutional status of Singapore.[1] The commission’s report was presented to Governor Sir John Fearns Nicoll on 22 February 1954 and made","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2011 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":66,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=21bb4517-ca9e-4822-ab7e-8bb5f965d046","identifier_uuid":"21bb4517-ca9e-4822-ab7e-8bb5f965d046","title":"Fort Tanjong Katong","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heng, Hock Mei","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"30/11/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"From 1879 to 1901, Fort Tanjong Katong stood on the eastern side of Singapore, adjacent to Katong Beach on what is now Meyer Road and Fort Road. Built by the British colonial government, Fort Tanjong Katong was one of the oldest forts in Singapore. Fort Tanjong Katong – together with Fort Siloso, Fort Pasir Panjang, Fort Connaught and Fort Serapong – formed part of a series of defensive batteries and fortifications along the southern coast of Singapore, which protected Singapore’s town and busy port in the 19th century. Fort Tanjong Katong was abandoned by the military and buried until it was rediscovered around 2001.","table_of_contents":"[Fort Tanjong Katong] -- Construction and upgrade -- Abandonment -- Recovery -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Fortification--Singapore--History--19th century","subject_singheritage":"National defence {18337608}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2021.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":67,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2245d47c-12ce-4788-af22-69891f829a49","identifier_uuid":"2245d47c-12ce-4788-af22-69891f829a49","title":"Khoo Teck Puat Hospital","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lee, Meiyu","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"18/1/2012","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH) is a public hospital located in Yishun and managed by Alexandra Health. The 3.4-hectare, 550-bed hospital cost an estimated S$700 million to build, and was opened in phases from March 2010. KTPH is part of a planned healthcare hub that will include a community hospital and medical centre in the future.","table_of_contents":"[Khoo Teck Puat Hospital] -- Conception and construction -- Naming and completion -- Opening and operations -- Design features -- Organisational structure -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Public hospitals--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Public buildings {18336161}|Public health {18486679}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":68,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=227cbdaf-b426-4614-86b2-787c50da0e4a","identifier_uuid":"227cbdaf-b426-4614-86b2-787c50da0e4a","title":"The Quarantine Ordinance of 1868","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"24/9/2020","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Quarantine was formally introduced as a public health control measure in Singapore in 1868. It was an important method of disease control before the widespread adoption of vaccination and antimicrobial therapy. As a cosmopolitan port settlement, Singapore was particularly susceptible to the import of infectious diseases from abroad. Though this vulnerability was recognised early on, initial proposals to formalise quarantine measures were met with fierce resistance by the mercantile community as they were seen as costly and an inconvenience to trade. With the growing acceptance of quarantine as an epidemic control method in Britain, quarantine was finally introduced into law in 1868. To this end, the first quarantine facility was established on St John’s Island in 1874 to screen incoming vessels and isolate the sick.  Over the years, the ordinance has been revised and reorganised multiple times to reflect new and changing requirements for infectious disease control. The fundamental concepts of the Quarantine Ordinance can be found today in the Infectious Diseases Act, which was first enacted in 1976.","table_of_contents":"[The Quarantine Ordinance of 1868] -- History of quarantine -- Earliest reference to quarantine in Singapore -- Differing viewpoints of quarantine in Singapore -- -Early attempt on legislating quarantine -- Enactment of the Quarantine Ordinance -- Implementation of the Quarantine Ordinance -- Changes to the Quarantine Ordinance -- Author -- References -- Further readings.","subject_lcsh":"Quarantine--Law and legislation--Singapore|Public health laws--Singapore|Quarantine--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Law {18486590}|Public health {18486679}|Communicable disease control {18338168}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All rights reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2020","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":69,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2296f84c-5cf8-4cab-8dc9-0b1651a5c686","identifier_uuid":"2296f84c-5cf8-4cab-8dc9-0b1651a5c686","title":"Orchidville Pte Ltd is incorporated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Orchidville was incorporated on 27 August 1993.[1] The company had signed a 20-year lease for a 42.5-hectare site[2] on Lorong Lada Hitam at the Mandai Agrotechnology Park.[3] It cost more than S$10 million to set up, and was the largest commercial","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":70,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=23259a06-ceef-4ff0-b454-335a367fcb57","identifier_uuid":"23259a06-ceef-4ff0-b454-335a367fcb57","title":"Labour Front","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chia, Joshua Yeong Jia","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Kartini Saparudin","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/4/2006","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Labour Front (LF), now a defunct political party, was an offshoot of the Singapore Labour Party. It was formed in 1955 to contest the watershed election for the Legislative Assembly that year. Although the party emerged victorious in the election, the Labour Front government lasted for only a term. It fared badly in the 1959 and 1963 elections contesting as part of a coalition under the banner of the Singapore People's Alliance and Singapore Alliance respectively.","table_of_contents":"[Labour Front] -- Formation -- Programme -- Elections -- Decline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Political parties--Singapore|Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2010.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":71,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=236e6276-e5c1-43ce-b988-bf3a89cf4328","identifier_uuid":"236e6276-e5c1-43ce-b988-bf3a89cf4328","title":"Societies Ordinance comes into force","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Societies Ordinance was enacted with the aim of eliminating Chinese secret societies in the Straits Settlements of Singapore, Penang and Malacca. The enactment of the ordinance marked an important milestone in the relations between the British","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":72,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=23ca43f2-4dea-4789-bc8f-71ae1f80bb36","identifier_uuid":"23ca43f2-4dea-4789-bc8f-71ae1f80bb36","title":"Benjamin Sheares becomes second president of Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"033df360-5d42-4d69-aaab-6126975133e8|ce7cfabc-21ab-437d-b34e-1bd7ef8db52c|bd97695f-dfd1-43db-b8c7-04e78e2ba024|795f4e30-e1ed-44b9-af28-3e9265dc8a9f|ce9439df-daf8-4468-8138-bb4874f7c1bc","description":"Benjamin Henry Sheares was elected the second president of the Republic of Singapore by parliament on 30 December 1970, and was sworn into office on 2 January the following year.[1] Sheares succeeded Yusof bin Ishak who had passed away in November","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Personalities {18336114}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":73,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=242bcc2a-4620-4cde-b006-100e22f0f595","identifier_uuid":"242bcc2a-4620-4cde-b006-100e22f0f595","title":"Straits Settlements Association","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Ong, Eng Chuan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"6/6/2006","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Straits Settlements Association was founded in London by a group of ex-Straits Settlements residents on 31 January 1868. The association, which mainly comprised members from the mercantile community, aimed to safeguard the commercial and political interests of the Straits Settlements through representations to the British government. John Crawfurd was appointed the association’s first president. Local branches were formed in Singapore and Penang on 20 March and 28 April 1868 respectively. It yielded considerable power over public policy, and was involved in accelerating constitutional reforms in the Straits Settlements.","table_of_contents":"[Straits Settlements Association] -- Criticism of the colonial administration -- Debate on military contribution -- Association of British Malaya -- Constitutional reform -- Later developments -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Straits Settlements--Politics and government|Colonial administration--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":74,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=245ded48-d94c-42f6-8d1a-e642b978a339","identifier_uuid":"245ded48-d94c-42f6-8d1a-e642b978a339","title":"Commencement of first National Health Survey","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The first National Health Survey was conducted by the Ministry of Health in 1992 to assess the health status and lifestyles of Singaporeans.[1] Although there were earlier health surveys carried out in 1975,[2] between 1983 and 1985,[3] and between","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":75,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=247b63a8-a961-47b7-a9c9-2e3e3979ac8d","identifier_uuid":"247b63a8-a961-47b7-a9c9-2e3e3979ac8d","title":"Master Plan 2008 is approved","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Gazetted on 5 December 2008, the Master Plan 2008 is the ninth review of Singapore’s masterplan.[1] The masterplan is a land use plan that guides Singapore's development over the next 10 to 15 years. It is reviewed every five years and translates the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Aug 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":76,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=25274e6a-b22e-4ef1-9074-6994e126395a","identifier_uuid":"25274e6a-b22e-4ef1-9074-6994e126395a","title":"Tay Eng Soon","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"23/3/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Tay Eng Soon (Dr) (b. 20 January 1940, Singapore–d. 5 August 1993, Singapore), was an academic specialising in nuclear energy who served in the Ministry of Education for over 12 years. He entered into politics in 1980 when he was elected unopposed as a People’s Action Party (PAP) member of Parliament (MP) for the River Valley constituency during the general election that year. Tay was first a minister of state and then senior minister of state in the Ministry of Education from 1980 until his death. He played a crucial role in the development of technical training institutes and polytechnics in Singapore. After suffering from various medical conditions since the 1980s, Tay died of acute heart failure at the age of 53.","table_of_contents":"[Tay Eng Soon] -- Early life and education -- Research and academic career -- Political career -- Key contributions -- Tributes and legacy -- Family -- Political appointments -- Other key official appointments -- Awards -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Cabinet officers--Singapore--Biography|Politicians--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Politicians {18337244}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Personalities {18336114}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":77,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"256C55B9-1ACA-4A60-9841-F2A1B42353C3","title":"The Singaporean identity: is it a futile chase?","alternative":"NA","creator":"Wan, Wee Pin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2005","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, preview issue (2005), p. 13-15.","abstract":"For a young country like Singapore, we have always been\r\ngrappling with our own identity and position in the world\r\nand until today, we don't seem to be anywhere nearer to\r\nfinding an answer. Listed in this article are five talks on the various influences which impact on the Singaporean identity like history, language, family and economy. Three other related programmes, a heritage trail through stories and songs, fusion music and a manga book launch are also included.","table_of_contents":"The Chinese language and the Singaporean identity (talk in Chinese)-- Who am I? The joy of discovering your family history -- Singapore’s identity : a healthy tension of opposites -- New insights into Singapore history : perspectives of emegring scholars -- Lost cities & forgotten past : the archeology of down town Singapore -- Getaran@Bedok : Heritage trail by Zubir Abdullah and Sri Warisan --Fusion music -- Book launch of “Anime by Wang Li Yang”.","subject_lcsh":"National characteristics, Singaporean","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2005.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":78,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2683a39c-55bf-4627-8e95-2d6870e29478","identifier_uuid":"2683a39c-55bf-4627-8e95-2d6870e29478","title":"Sri Vijaya-Malayu","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Singapore and Sumatran KingdomsThe early chapters of the Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals)[1] sound as though they preserve traditions of Malay history that were established in the pre-Islamic period. The ideology and symbolism, which underlie them, no","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":79,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=26b101cb-e9a7-414b-813f-eb8d70876f96","identifier_uuid":"26b101cb-e9a7-414b-813f-eb8d70876f96","title":"Residents' Committees are formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In the 1960s, Singapore began a massive public housing development programme in which the bulk of Singapore's rural population was moved into new high-rise Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats in housing estates. To ameliorate the effects of the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2013.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2013 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":80,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=26d02de9-797d-446e-a204-283b43d6423f","identifier_uuid":"26d02de9-797d-446e-a204-283b43d6423f","title":"Singapore’s first town councils","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lim, Tin Seng","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"10/6/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Ang Mo Kio West, East and South are Singapore’s first town councils. They were set up on 1 September 1986 as a pilot project for the town council concept. The town council concept was put forward by members of parliament (MPs) Lim Boon Heng, S. Chandra Das and S. Vasoo in December 1984. Its objective was to change the way housing estates were managed by giving residents a greater say in the management of housing estates.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore's first town councils] -- Before town councils -- Pilot project in Ang Mo Kio -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":81,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=274d4d97-c7ca-454d-ae14-d41a86b8a605","identifier_uuid":"274d4d97-c7ca-454d-ae14-d41a86b8a605","title":"Influenza A (H1N1-2009) outbreak","alternative":"NA","creator":"Pek, Sara","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"27/1/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"H1N1 was first detected in the United States in April 2009. This virus was a unique combination of influenza virus genes never previously identified in either animals or people. The virus genes were a combination of genes most closely related to North American swine-lineage H1N1 and Eurasian lineage swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. Because of this, initial reports referred to the virus as a swine origin influenza virus. However, investigations of initial human cases did not identify exposures to pigs and quickly it became apparent that this new virus was circulating among humans and not among U.S. pig herds.","table_of_contents":"[Influenza A (H1N1-2009) outbreak] -- Global outbreak in 2009 -- H1N1 in Singapore -- Aftermath -- References.","subject_lcsh":"H1N1 influenza--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Public health {18486679}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":82,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=27e53f92-2b03-4e63-9b0b-4dbf127008ed","identifier_uuid":"27e53f92-2b03-4e63-9b0b-4dbf127008ed","title":"Community Development Councils are envisaged","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"12d1e794-c0a0-47e5-af96-89bc2c4d935c|511f3617-0393-45fe-a73c-f690aeaa245b","description":"Community Development Councils (CDCs) are umbrella grassroots bodies created to coordinate and lead smaller grassroots organisations such as the Citizens’ Consultative Committees (CCCs), the Community Centre Management Committees (CCMCs) and the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":83,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28103507-b5a4-4f14-8835-583b01e9acd9","identifier_uuid":"28103507-b5a4-4f14-8835-583b01e9acd9","title":"Singapore signs Free Trade Agreement with New Zealand","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Agreement between New Zealand and Singapore on a Closer Economic Partnership (ANZSCEP) is Singapore’s first bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) signed with an individual country. Concluded on 14 November 2000, the FTA was signed by then Prime","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Economy {18486515}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":84,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28877423-4ca7-4328-a20a-e3c9fcf9af77","identifier_uuid":"28877423-4ca7-4328-a20a-e3c9fcf9af77","title":"Launch of Treelodge@Punggol","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Located at the intersection of Punggol Road, Punggol Place and Punggol Drive,[1] Treelodge@Punggol is a joint Build-to-Order project developed by the Housing and Development Board (HDB), National Environment Agency, Public Utilities Board and the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":85,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28bc0cb7-9775-48bb-8d79-af711aa3b429","identifier_uuid":"28bc0cb7-9775-48bb-8d79-af711aa3b429","title":"Singapore Labour Party","alternative":"SLP","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"26/1/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Labour Party (SLP) was inaugurated on 1 September 1948. It was fronted largely by English-speaking Indians who underwent the British education system, were exposed to publications on British politics and involved in labour unions. The SLP met with some electoral successes such as winning two out of seven seats at the April 1951 Legislative Council general election and three out of six seats at the December 1951 City Council election. Since its formation, however, the party had been wrecked with internal struggles for power, dissension and squabbles, which eventually weakened and fractured the organisation, leading to its demise six years after it was established. On 21 August 1954, the SLP merged with the Singapore Socialist Party to form the Labour Front.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Labour Party] -- Founding -- Objectives -- Membership -- Electoral performance -- Organisation -- Internal strife and dissension -- List of office-holders -- Candidates fielded in the 1951 Legislative Council general election -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Political parties--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":86,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28f330d3-3618-4d83-8ee2-f1b63fe9e121","identifier_uuid":"28f330d3-3618-4d83-8ee2-f1b63fe9e121","title":"Fong Swee Suan","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"26/7/2013","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Fong Swee Suan (Dr) (b. 27 October 1931, Senggarang, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaya–4 February 2017, Singapore) was a trade unionist who was active in the Singapore labour scene during the 1950s and 1960s. He is often associated with Lim Chin Siong, a fellow trade union activist. Fong was also one of the convenors at the inauguration of the People’s Action Party (PAP) in 1954.","table_of_contents":"[Fong Swee Suan] -- Early life and education -- Joining the People’s Action Party -- Union career and political ideology -- Later years -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2017.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":87,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=29d5dafd-5221-4092-a338-2253c3d89b67","identifier_uuid":"29d5dafd-5221-4092-a338-2253c3d89b67","title":"Sky Greens opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Sky Greens Pte Ltd was officially opened by Senior Minister of State (Ministry of Trade and Industry and Ministry of National Development) Lee Yi Shyan on 24 October 2012.[1] The opening of Sky Greens marked a major milestone in the area of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Economy {18486515}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":88,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2a68b0c7-3081-4059-8ddc-aea5e8d94b79","identifier_uuid":"2a68b0c7-3081-4059-8ddc-aea5e8d94b79","title":"Censorship Review Committee","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"16/9/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Censorship Review Committee (CRC) is a government-appointed committee that reviews and makes recommendations regarding Singapore’s censorship policies. First convened in 1991, the committee was to be formed once every decade. However, the government decided to form a mid-term CRC in 2009 in view of the rapid changes in Singapore’s media and social landscape.","table_of_contents":"[Censorship Review Committee] -- Background -- Inaugural CRC 1991 -- CRC 2002 -- CRC 2009 -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Censorship--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":89,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2ab696d3-d9f5-4970-9108-e0f95919cc98","identifier_uuid":"2ab696d3-d9f5-4970-9108-e0f95919cc98","title":"HDB begins selling flats under home ownership scheme","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Home Ownership for the People Scheme was launched on 12 February 1964 by the Housing and Development Board (HDB). Initially, Singaporeans were only able to rent apartments built by the HDB.[1] The home ownership scheme enabled low income Singapore","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Community and Social Services {18486492}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2016 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":90,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2ad60dc7-937d-4012-bd43-01c7bc0b28fd","identifier_uuid":"2ad60dc7-937d-4012-bd43-01c7bc0b28fd","title":"Merdeka talks – First all-party mission to London is held","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"9dc7927c-5b75-44e2-b171-76fe7acf64f1|bb917361-8e09-4c8e-897f-9e37cb25c951|f0aa2e2f-8b08-4d10-a961-b2aeeae87291|6dd2957b-7c93-4c72-96fa-11e3cfbd11fc|663cc41e-a746-4694-b957-e2702951f815","description":"Singapore was granted partial internal self-government under the Rendel Constitution in 1955. The Legislative Assembly election held in April that year saw the formation of the Labour Front-Alliance government with David Marshall as the first chief","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Events {18455339}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":91,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2b0ddb7e-c581-4a0f-8807-c10538a09c99","identifier_uuid":"2b0ddb7e-c581-4a0f-8807-c10538a09c99","title":"Singapore Progressive Party","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chia, Joshua Yeong Jia","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Chan, Fook Weng","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"24/4/2006","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Progressive Party (SPP) was a nationalistic party formed on 25 August 1947 to contest in the Legislative Council election in 1948. The conservative SPP stood for gradual change and was willing to work with the British to introduce steady constitutional reform by slowly increasing the pool of elected councillors and eventually creating a cabinet of ministers. The party dominated the general elections in 1948 and 1951, but was later displaced by the more radical political parties that were able to appeal to a wider spectrum of people.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Progressive Party] -- Formation -- Programme -- Elections -- Decline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Political parties--Singapore|Singapore--Politics and government|Progressive Party (Singapore)","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":92,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2bebbfce-ab10-40df-b205-3c0756faafc0","identifier_uuid":"2bebbfce-ab10-40df-b205-3c0756faafc0","title":"Landmark Employment Act","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"10/4/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Employment Act came into effect on 15 August 1968, and it standardised and regulated the terms and conditions of employment for all employees regardless of whether they were workmen, clerks or shop assistants. The act also abolished certain discriminatory practices, rationalised the pay structure by removing abuses of overtime work, and protected industries and businesses against excessive retrenchment benefits. With its promulgation, the act repealed three former legislations related to employment and working conditions. These were the Labour Ordinance 1955, the Shop Assistants Employment Ordinance 1957, and the Clerks Employment Ordinance 1957.","table_of_contents":"[Landmark Employment Act] -- The rationale for the act -- Provisions in the act -- The debate in parliament -- Impact of the act -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Law {18486590}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":93,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2c4ba986-641c-4e1c-bc2e-4d049cb0c2b6","identifier_uuid":"2c4ba986-641c-4e1c-bc2e-4d049cb0c2b6","title":"Citizens' Consultative Committees are formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Citizens’ Consultative Committees (CCCs), which come under the purview of the People’s Association, are the umbrella bodies of all grassroots organisations in Singapore.[1] The functions of the CCCs are: to promote good citizenship; disseminate","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Community and Social Services {18486492}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":94,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2cad5c4d-5ac7-4318-9f6c-fdf4b9d63510","identifier_uuid":"2cad5c4d-5ac7-4318-9f6c-fdf4b9d63510","title":"Corrective Work Order","alternative":"CWO","creator":"Nureza Ahmad","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"13/8/2004","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Corrective Work Order (CWO), which came into effect on 1 November 1992, is an amendment to the anti-littering law. It was a punitive measure that requires the offender to clean up the community instead of paying a fine. The first CWOs were performed on 21 February 1993 at public places such as parks and beaches. On 18 July 1993, the CWO was conducted at public housing estates for the first time to bring the lesson closer to home.","table_of_contents":"[Corrective Work Order] -- Description -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Litter (Trash)--Law and legislation--Singapore|Environmental Policy--Singapore|Environmental Law--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Law {18486590}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":95,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2dbdfae5-8e45-48da-87e0-5e8436a7ff44","identifier_uuid":"2dbdfae5-8e45-48da-87e0-5e8436a7ff44","title":"17th century Singapore Straits","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"14/7/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Straits is among the most geographically strategic sites in the maritime world. Ships sailing between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean had to, and still have to, sail around the southern coast of Singapore. Over the centuries, control over the Singapore Straits was thus viewed as essential for the continued prosperity of the various maritime trading powers. In the early 17th century, the Singapore Straits was the setting for numerous confrontations between the established Portuguese power and the rising Dutch power. The Portuguese had been in the region since the beginning of the 16th century, having taken control of the sultanate of Melaka in 1511 as well as acquiring Macao, a small foothold off mainland China, in 1557. In the 17th century, the Dutch were a rising maritime trading power out to displace the Portuguese in the region.","table_of_contents":"[17th century Singapore Straits] -- The Dutch East India Company (VOC -- Admiral Cornelis Matelieff de Jonge and Syahbandar Seri Raja Negara -- Dutch-Johor agreement of 1606 -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Geography and Travels {18486573}|Geographical areas and countries {18486575}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":96,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2e115565-2b08-4d8e-8bb8-d3a554680d84","identifier_uuid":"2e115565-2b08-4d8e-8bb8-d3a554680d84","title":"National Service riots of 1954","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"28/7/2006 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Singapore’s earliest attempt to introduce compulsory conscription was in 1952. The endeavour was unsuccessful as it was vigorously resisted by Chinese middle school students and their parents, who did not see the need to support the British colonial government’s military efforts. The National Service Ordinance (NSO), officially implemented in March 1954, triggered demonstrations by the Chinese students. They were already unhappy with the colonial government’s education and language policies, which they deemed were biased against the Chinese-educated, and believed that they provided better career opportunities for the English-educated. On 13 May 1954, violence erupted when hundreds of students clashed with the police, as they demonstrated against the mandatory registration for military service.","table_of_contents":"[National Service riots of 1954) -- Background -- Description -- Aftermath -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Riots--Singapore|National service--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Civil unrests {18486594}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}|NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":97,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2e8e8898-bb81-4645-84d0-afc09f824bfd","identifier_uuid":"2e8e8898-bb81-4645-84d0-afc09f824bfd","title":"Appointment of the first Nominated Members of Parliament","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The first two Nominated Members of Parliament – businessman Leong Chee Whye and cardiologist Maurice Choo – were appointed on 22 November 1990[1] and were sworn-in at Parliament in December 1990.[2] The Nominated Member of Parliament (NMP) is a","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2011 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":98,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2ebfebad-a4d5-4bbb-bf43-c7db6e30eb7d","identifier_uuid":"2ebfebad-a4d5-4bbb-bf43-c7db6e30eb7d","title":"Archaeology of the “Forbidden Hill”","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"At the inception of a British settlement in Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles and John Crawfurd, the second British Resident of Singapore, found many vestiges of a much older settlement. Subsequent residents paid no attention to these remains, and all","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":99,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2f8ff21b-f40e-485c-a622-2fd4dc228230","identifier_uuid":"2f8ff21b-f40e-485c-a622-2fd4dc228230","title":"Singapore celebrates Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Singapore held one of its biggest colonial celebrations over two days on 27 and 28 June 1887 as the crown colony joined other British territories worldwide to celebrate Queen Victoria’s 50-year reign, also called the Golden Jubilee.[1]  While the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":100,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2fb8948b-5f16-4a7a-8e3c-7a724e1eb6ad","identifier_uuid":"2fb8948b-5f16-4a7a-8e3c-7a724e1eb6ad","title":"First census of Singapore is taken","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The first census in Singapore, which was taken in January 1824, recorded 10,683 residents comprising 74 Europeans, 16 Armenians, 15 Arabs, 4,580 Malays, 3,317 Chinese, 756 natives of India and 1,925 Bugis.[1] Subsequent censuses in 1825, 1826, 1827","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."}],"_links":{"start":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_5fc4de804aa42eceaf0cdc7455142002","next":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_5fc4de804aa42eceaf0cdc7455142002&offset=100"},"total":20743}}