{"success":true,"result":{"resource_id":"d_b1be448874d1702cc2a4b5e5ba2a5459","fields":[{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uri"},{"type":"text","id":"identifier_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"title"},{"type":"text","id":"alternative"},{"type":"text","id":"creator"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"creator_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_people_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_orgs_cn"},{"type":"text","id":"contributor_lcna"},{"type":"text","id":"digital_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"original_publisher"},{"type":"text","id":"date_created"},{"type":"text","id":"has_part_uuid"},{"type":"text","id":"description"},{"type":"text","id":"abstract"},{"type":"text","id":"table_of_contents"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_lcsh"},{"type":"text","id":"subject_singheritage"},{"type":"text","id":"language"},{"type":"text","id":"ispartof_collection"},{"type":"text","id":"nlb_type"},{"type":"text","id":"rights"},{"type":"text","id":"access_rights"},{"type":"int4","id":"_id"}],"records":[{"_id":1,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=00a44250-ea14-41d0-807b-68dd84a35dd5","identifier_uuid":"00a44250-ea14-41d0-807b-68dd84a35dd5","title":"Singapore Institute of Management","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/11/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Institute of Management (SIM) was founded on 28 November 1964 to train first-class managers for the Singapore economy. Today, SIM comprises three distinct arms: SIM Global Education, SIM Professional Development and SIM University.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Institute of Management] -- Background and establishment -- Expansion of course offerings -- Road to university status -- Advising industry -- Campuses -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Universities and colleges--Singapore|Singapore Institute of Management","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":2,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=00c1c0ff-39bc-43e6-b187-dd21fd918578","identifier_uuid":"00c1c0ff-39bc-43e6-b187-dd21fd918578","title":"Singapore Institution Free School sets up girls’ department","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 4 March 1844, the trustees of the Singapore Institution Free School (renamed Raffles Institution in 1868) decided to set up a girls’ department.[1] The main objective of the department was to shelter local girls from a life of servitude and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":3,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=010be2a1-37e2-42d5-9b1a-14b5c8fadb03","identifier_uuid":"010be2a1-37e2-42d5-9b1a-14b5c8fadb03","title":"Singapore Management University","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Fiona Lim","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"19/9/2014 0:00","has_part_uuid":"83a6c745-8fa5-4d33-949f-8bfb7aacfaa0","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Management University (SMU) was established on 12 January 2000 as the first American-style and also the first publicly funded autonomous university in Singapore.  It focuses on the areas of management, business and economics.  Currently, SMU has over 8,300 undergraduate and postgraduate students, and its programmes include six undergraduate and 27 postgraduate programmes in various disciplines.  After being housed in two interim campuses from 2000 to 2005, the university moved to its new city campus on Victoria Street in Bras Basah on 31 July 2005, which comprises six buildings: the Li Ka Shing Library, the Administration Building and four for its six schools.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Management University] -- Establishment -- Selection criteria and programme structure -- First intake and programme expansion -- Research -- Campuses -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Universities and colleges--Singapore|Singapore Management University","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Streets and Places {18336099}|Schools (Buildings) {18336108}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":4,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=01e062e5-388f-4c7a-a01a-af2d09778a95","identifier_uuid":"01e062e5-388f-4c7a-a01a-af2d09778a95","title":"Thio Chan Bee","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/12/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Thio Chan Bee (b. 5 April 1904, Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia–d. 13 December 1978, location unknown) was an educationist and politician. He was the first Asian principal of the Anglo-Chinese School (ACS), serving in the position from 1952 to 1960. His political career spanned various appointments in the Legislative Council and later the Legislative Assembly.","table_of_contents":"[Thio Chan Bee] -- Early years -- Teaching career -- Political career -- Death -- Family life -- Selected awards -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Thio, Chan Bee|Educators--Singapore--Biography|Politicians--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng|eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":5,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=06621e94-f1e9-4e39-bb7c-37c503da622a","identifier_uuid":"06621e94-f1e9-4e39-bb7c-37c503da622a","title":"National Council on Problem Gambling","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lim, Puay Ling","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/10/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The National Council on Problem Gambling (NCPG) was appointed by the government in August 2005 as part of Singapore's national framework to address the issue of problem gambling. Its functions include raising public awareness of problem gambling. It also has the authority to bar certain people from the upcoming casinos under the Casino Control Act.","table_of_contents":"[National Council on Problem Gambling] -- Background -- Description -- Casino exclusion orders -- Highlights of NCPG initiatives -- Timeline -- References -- Further readings.","subject_lcsh":"Compulsive gambling--Singapore|Gambling--Social aspects--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":6,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=09202771-3b1e-4179-b64f-7d9d8e3c3ff4","identifier_uuid":"09202771-3b1e-4179-b64f-7d9d8e3c3ff4","title":"Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus (CHIJ) is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Congregation of the Sisters of the Holy Infant Jesus (IJ) was founded by Reverend Father Nicholas Barré in France in 1662.[1] The order first arrived in Singapore in 1854 to set up schools for girls. The order’s establishment in Singapore is","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":7,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0c0e8e39-538d-45d6-b952-abf22b4a65f8","identifier_uuid":"0c0e8e39-538d-45d6-b952-abf22b4a65f8","title":"New Education System","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"In August 1978, then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Keng Swee was tasked to lead a study team to identify problems in Singapore’s education system and propose solutions. The government had felt that a thorough review was crucial to align the education system with the rapidly changing social and economic needs of the country. A key aim of the exercise was to consider how education policies and their implementation could be made more flexible to enable each child to learn at a pace suited to his or her ability. The resultant recommendations laid the foundations for a system of ability-driven education based on streaming known as the New Education System (NES).","table_of_contents":"[New Education System] -- Shortcomings in the education system -- Recommendations -- Primary schools -- Secondary schools -- Effectiveness and subsequent changes -- Author --  References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":8,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"0C813509-A88A-4D4B-A8E5-EA74A33B03B7","title":"An overview of Singapore's education system from 1819 to the 1970s","alternative":"NA","creator":"Wee, Tong Bao","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2009-07","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 5, issue 2 (July 2009), p. 4-9.","abstract":"Featured in this article is the little known national treasures on the shelves of the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library. It is the large collection of government reports and reviews on various subjects. One of them is the history of Singapore’s education system. When the policies and inquiries that had been published from the founding of modern Singapore till 1978 are examined chronologically, one can see the evolution of Singapore’s education system from a laissez-faire arrangement to a nationally centralised system by the late 1970s.","table_of_contents":"The education system before World War II -- Political \r\ninfluences on education policies before World War II -- Post-war developments -- Conclusion -- Endnotes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education and state--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":9,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0f3b25dd-46b6-4cc0-98e6-3b282ffe0390","identifier_uuid":"0f3b25dd-46b6-4cc0-98e6-3b282ffe0390","title":"Science Centre Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"Lim, Tin Seng","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"26/6/2014","has_part_uuid":"ec3f7e56-2858-475d-b857-95fcc581fedc","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Science Centre opened its doors to the public on 10 December 1977, more than two decades after such a science centre was first envisaged. Built at the cost of S$20 million, the Science Centre was set up to promote interest and learning in science and technology to students and the general public. This objective came at a time when Singapore was industrialising rapidly and going up the technology ladder was all-important. The centre was appropriately sited in Jurong, near Jurong industrial estate, Singapore’s first industrial hub.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore gets a science centre] -- Proposing a science centre -- Rising costs -- The Singapore Science Centre -- Building on its success -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore Science Centre|Science museums--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Streets and Places {18336099}|Education {18339995}|Science and technology {18486535}|Museums {18336168}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":10,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=0f46cb35-06c5-44e5-b889-d25c515ed7a2","identifier_uuid":"0f46cb35-06c5-44e5-b889-d25c515ed7a2","title":"Woolley Report on the state of education, 1870","alternative":"Report of the Select Committee of the Legislative Council to Enquire into the State of Education in the Colony","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/8/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"On 29 December 1869, then Governor Harry Ord appointed a select committee chaired by Colonel R. Woolley to look into the state of education in the Straits Settlements, which comprised Singapore, Melaka and Penang. The resultant “Report of the Select Committee of the Legislative Council to Enquire into the State of Education in the Colony” was the first thorough review of local education after the Straits Settlements had become a crown colony in 1867. Commonly referred to as the Woolley Report, it was presented to the Straits Settlements Legislative Council on 8 December 1870. The proposal was not immediately taken up, but was eventually implemented.","table_of_contents":"[Woolley Report on the state of education, 1870] -- Background -- Findings -- Recommendations -- Outcome -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":11,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"108f3656-ee73-4bf4-b05c-b95212e50ec2","title":"新加坡十九世纪华人教育的改革","alternative":"Xinjiapo shi jiu shi ji hua ren jiao yu de gai ge|Straits Chinese pioneering education reforms in the 19th century","creator":"Wee, Tong Bao","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2008-01","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 3, issue 4 (Jan. 2008), p. 28-30.","abstract":"Education reforms and the modernisation of education\r\nin Singapore and Malaya have always been identified as\r\ninfluenced by the political changes in China during the early 20th century. Few remember the contributions of the local intellectuals in as far as leading educational reforms before the 1900s is concerned. These reformers were multicultural both in their background and outlook, and were perhaps pioneers in setting the foundation for modernising and indigenising the old curricula before the winds of change in the 20th century brought about revolutionary transformations. Two notable pioneers in this field are Chan Kim Boon(1851-1920) and Khoo Seok Wan (1874-1941).","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Educational change--Singapore|Reformers--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"chi","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2008.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":12,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1285f1b1-180b-49ae-b7e4-41c2798bd77e","identifier_uuid":"1285f1b1-180b-49ae-b7e4-41c2798bd77e","title":"The Fenn-Wu report is published","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Published in June 1951, the report on Chinese schools and the education of Chinese Malayans, also known as the “Fenn-Wu report”, was presented to the Federal Legislative Council on 11 July 1951.[1]Earlier in January , two educationists,  William P.","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at March 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":13,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1471254a-b74c-463f-8cea-5e4d02e91ea7","identifier_uuid":"1471254a-b74c-463f-8cea-5e4d02e91ea7","title":"National Institute of Education","alternative":"NA","creator":"Kow, Gerrie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/10/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The National Institute of Education (NIE) is Singapore’s only teacher training institution. In addition to engaging in initial teacher preparation, the NIE also provides continuing education and life-long learning to teachers, and conducts extensive, cutting-edge research in education that enhances NIE programmes.","table_of_contents":"[National Institute of Education] -- Teachers' Training College -- Institute of Education -- NIE as part of Nanyang Technological Institute -- NIE today -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"National Institute of Education (Singapore)|Teachers colleges--Singapore|Universities and colleges--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":14,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=15e8dce9-696d-4312-ade9-655a576eeaaa","identifier_uuid":"15e8dce9-696d-4312-ade9-655a576eeaaa","title":"Ruth Wong","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"20/3/2020","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Ruth Wong Hie King (b. 10 June 1918, Singapore–d. 1 February 1982, Singapore) is widely regarded as a pioneer educator who transformed teacher training in Singapore. Wong was the first female principal of the Teachers’ Training College (TTC) and the founding director of the Institute of Education (present-day National Institute of Education).","table_of_contents":"[Ruth Wong] -- Early life and education -- Career -- Contributions to teacher education in Singapore -- References","subject_lcsh":"Wong, Ruth H. K.|Educators--Singapore|Teachers--Training of--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All rights reserved. National Library Board Singapore, 2020","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":15,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=19cc0897-85bf-4378-9b56-9b7128101031","identifier_uuid":"19cc0897-85bf-4378-9b56-9b7128101031","title":"National University of Singapore is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The National University of Singapore (NUS) was inaugurated on 8 August 1980 with the merger of the Nanyang University (1956) and the University of Singapore (1962). After much public debate, the Government announced in April 1980 its decision to merge","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2011.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2011 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":16,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1b7ced74-ffff-4142-b47e-0ac9924b6d95","identifier_uuid":"1b7ced74-ffff-4142-b47e-0ac9924b6d95","title":"Report on Moral Education is submitted","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In October 1978, then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Keng Swee appointed then Communications Minister and Acting Minister for Culture Ong Teng Cheong to head a committee to review the existing moral-education programme in schools and make recommendations","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":17,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=1d259eac-0264-4325-9446-b09a8fab7c88","identifier_uuid":"1d259eac-0264-4325-9446-b09a8fab7c88","title":"Staff Training Institute (Civil Service College)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"27/7/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Staff Training Institute was set up in 1971 by the government for the training of civil servants in order to enhance the efficiency of the public sector. The establishment of the institute marked an important milestone in the training of civil servants in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Staff Training Institute (Civil Service College)] -- Background and establishment -- STI courses -- Premises and organisational changes -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":18,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"1fb565ac-69ba-4417-8a1c-9031d0037c58","title":"Education for living : epitome of civics education?","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chia, Yeow Tong","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2010-10","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 6, issue 3 (Oct. 2010), p. 10-14.","abstract":"This article looks at the reasons that led to the emergence of the  Education for Living (EFL) programme as the de facto civics education programme in 1970s Singapore and why it was abandoned. It was initiated with the objective of combining history, geography and civics, in addition to imparting moral values. However, it was eventually scrapped since the government was more concerned with instilling strong moral ideals rather than offering theoretical lessons in civics and democratic values. Another reason for the programme’s failure was the fact that EFL lessons were used to teach Chinese — since the booklets and the accompanying teachers’ manuals were published in Chinese. EFL was the epitome of civics education in Singapore in the 1970s, but only for a very short time.","table_of_contents":"Advent of EFL -- Demise of EFL and civics -- Conclusion -- Endnotes.","subject_lcsh":"Moral education--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2010.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":19,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2050a72a-e95a-4b85-bcc2-60df308426ef","identifier_uuid":"2050a72a-e95a-4b85-bcc2-60df308426ef","title":"Franklin Charles Gimson","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Ong, Eng Chuan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/8/2006 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Franklin Charles Gimson (Sir) (b. 10 September 1890, Barrow-upon-Soar, Leicestershire, England–d. 13 February 1975, Yorkshire, England) was Singapore's first postwar governor and commander-in-chief from 1946 to 1952. He was often associated with the rehabilitation of postwar Singapore, and the reconstitution of Singapore’s legislative bodies – including that of the Legislative Council, which represented a bold start in Singapore's journey towards self-government. Gimson also introduced the Income Tax Ordinance in 1947, a task that previous administrators had been unable to do, and which was a response to the wide-ranging welfare improvements planned for Singapore’s postwar rehabilitation.","table_of_contents":"[Franklin Charles Gimson] -- Career in Ceylon and Hong Kong -- Reforms -- Assassination attempt -- Honours -- Retirement -- Death -- Family -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Colonial administrators--Singapore|Gimson, Franklin Charles, 1890-1975","subject_singheritage":"Personalities {18336114}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Education {18339995}|Colonial administrators {18336119}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":20,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=222ba6c8-4b7d-40b3-bbb9-8ff926bc01ec","identifier_uuid":"222ba6c8-4b7d-40b3-bbb9-8ff926bc01ec","title":"South Seas Society, Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"Tan, Fiona","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"25/6/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The South Seas Society, Singapore (南洋学会; Nanyang Xuehui) is a non-profit scholarly society dedicated to Southeast Asian studies. Founded in 1940, it is the first academic society set up by overseas Chinese based in Southeast Asia focusing on this field. The society frequently publishes books and texts, and periodically organises conferences, seminars, public lectures and exhibitions. Its flagship publication, Journal of the South Seas Society, which began shortly after its founding, still runs to this date.","table_of_contents":"[South Seas Society, Singapore] -- History -- Publications -- Activities -- Membership -- Author -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Nanyang xue hui","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Communications {18486485}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":21,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2512a217-76f9-4d44-9fd2-952f243cfe24","identifier_uuid":"2512a217-76f9-4d44-9fd2-952f243cfe24","title":"Winstedt Report on technical education in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"A committee was appointed in 1924 under the chairmanship of then Director of Education R. O. Winstedt to consider the feasibility of introducing industrial and technical education in Singapore, and the type of classes  and institutions required.[1]","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":22,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=25274e6a-b22e-4ef1-9074-6994e126395a","identifier_uuid":"25274e6a-b22e-4ef1-9074-6994e126395a","title":"Tay Eng Soon","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"23/3/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Tay Eng Soon (Dr) (b. 20 January 1940, Singapore–d. 5 August 1993, Singapore), was an academic specialising in nuclear energy who served in the Ministry of Education for over 12 years. He entered into politics in 1980 when he was elected unopposed as a People’s Action Party (PAP) member of Parliament (MP) for the River Valley constituency during the general election that year. Tay was first a minister of state and then senior minister of state in the Ministry of Education from 1980 until his death. He played a crucial role in the development of technical training institutes and polytechnics in Singapore. After suffering from various medical conditions since the 1980s, Tay died of acute heart failure at the age of 53.","table_of_contents":"[Tay Eng Soon] -- Early life and education -- Research and academic career -- Political career -- Key contributions -- Tributes and legacy -- Family -- Political appointments -- Other key official appointments -- Awards -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Cabinet officers--Singapore--Biography|Politicians--Singapore--Biography","subject_singheritage":"Politicians {18337244}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Personalities {18336114}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":23,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2584e0d1-475d-4e56-be69-4807d9e90e6f","identifier_uuid":"2584e0d1-475d-4e56-be69-4807d9e90e6f","title":"The Boys’ Brigade in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"16/10/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Boys’ Brigade (BB) is the first youth uniformed group in the world. Founded in Scotland in 1883, it is a Christian organisation that seeks to nurture boys into responsible Christian men instilled with values such as obedience, reverence and discipline. The BB was established in Singapore in 1930 as part of the brigade’s global movement. The battalion in Singapore then took on its current name, The Boys’ Brigade in Singapore (BBS), in 1968. By expanding beyond churches and mission schools to secular schools, the BBS has grown from about 2,000 members in 1980 to some 7,000 members currently.","table_of_contents":"[The Boys’ Brigade in Singapore] -- Background -- Establishment in Singapore -- Key developments -- Membership structure and programmes -- Uniforms -- Activities and achievement recognition -- Community service -- Band -- BB Day -- Headquarters -- The Stedfast Association -- Timeline -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Boys' Brigade (Singapore)|Boys--Societies and clubs--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Organisations {18455234}|Sports and Recreation {18486681}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":24,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=26853d9e-0be0-4790-9dc9-44dad489b7af","identifier_uuid":"26853d9e-0be0-4790-9dc9-44dad489b7af","title":"Sexuality education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/5/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Sexuality education refers to the process of acquiring knowledge and skills, as well as forming attitudes, beliefs and values with regard to human sexuality. The Ministry of Education (MOE) has implemented a holistic and secular sexuality education curriculum in schools to meet students’ developmental needs at different stages. The curriculum currently comprises two main programmes: The Growing Years (GY) and Empowered Teens (eTeens) that span from primary to junior college (JC)/centralised institute (CI) levels. The curriculum aims to enhance students’ understanding of the physiological, social and emotional changes they might experience as they mature, build relationships and make decisions in sexuality matters. Sexuality education programmes in schools are constantly reviewed by MOE to ensure that they remain relevant and serve the needs of students.","table_of_contents":"[Sexuality education] -- Background -- Curriculum -- The Growing Years -- eTeens -- Other sexuality education programmes -- Controversies -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Sex instruction--Singapore|Sexual health--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Sex education {18337024}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":25,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=273c6306-de34-4949-a079-d1eb899357e3","identifier_uuid":"273c6306-de34-4949-a079-d1eb899357e3","title":"New LASALLE College of the Arts campus is officially opened","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"LASALLE College of the Arts was founded in 1984 by Joseph McNally.[1] It was formerly known as the St Patrick’s Arts Centre, located within the premises of St Patrick’s School along East Coast Road.[2] McNally was keen to develop the centre into an","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Arts {18336109}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at December 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":26,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=28aab0bf-b07e-4238-a9c8-d84487ee3d7e","identifier_uuid":"28aab0bf-b07e-4238-a9c8-d84487ee3d7e","title":"Interim report on the six-day school week is submitted","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"On 13 March 1962, a nine-man commission, chaired by then acting vice-chancellor of the University of Singapore (now the National University of Singapore), Lim Tay Boh, was appointed to inquire into the government’s education policy, its content and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at December 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":27,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2900ddda-4b95-4698-8559-ac1f50885dc8","identifier_uuid":"2900ddda-4b95-4698-8559-ac1f50885dc8","title":"Lim Chong Yah","alternative":"NA","creator":"Chua, Alvin","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/10/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lim Chong Yah (b. 1932, Malacca, Malaysia–d. 8 July 2023) is an eminent economist and academic best known for serving as chairman of the National Wages Council for 29 years. Lim is professor emeritus at both the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University, and was previously the Albert Winsemius chair professor of economics at the latter.","table_of_contents":"[Lim Chong Yah] -- Early life and education -- Academic career -- National Wages Council -- Publishing and other activities -- Awards -- Selected publications -- Family -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Government economists--Singapore--Biography|Singapore--Economic policy|Lim, Chong-Yah","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Economy {18486515}|Personalities {18336114}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":28,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=29f44b89-3cb5-442f-a031-b16acd22a705","identifier_uuid":"29f44b89-3cb5-442f-a031-b16acd22a705","title":"Raffles College","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"15/3/2011","has_part_uuid":"55d259bf-2829-4870-8ae9-0359e46f82b4","description":"NA","abstract":"Raffles College was set up in 1928 at 469 Bukit Timah Road as a college for higher education in the arts and sciences. Its formation was the result of a scheme to commemorate the centenary of the founding of Singapore by Stamford Raffles (Sir). In 1949, Raffles College merged with King Edward VII College of Medicine to form the University of Malaya, which became known as the University of Singapore in 1962, and then the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 1980 after merging with Nanyang University. In 1981, NUS moved out of its Bukit Timah site to its current location at Kent Ridge. The Bukit Timah site was subsequently occupied by several other tertiary institutions before it became NUS’s Bukit Timah Campus in 2005.","table_of_contents":"[Raffles College] -- Background and establishment -- Early developments -- World War II -- Post-war developments -- College crest -- Site and architecture -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Universities and colleges--Singapore|Raffles College","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Schools (Buildings) {18336108}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":29,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"2CF2ECB3-E6C7-4133-8F22-55BA6E5FEA5C","title":"A historical review of the pre-war Chinese curriculum and textbooks used in Singapore : pages from a community in transition","alternative":"NA","creator":"Wee, Tong Bao","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2007-10","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 3, issue 3 (Oct. 2007), p. 12-16.","abstract":"The Chinese society of Singapore in the 19th century was\r\nby and large, a transient community, comprising mostly\r\nChinese immigrants from China.Studies on the education of the Chinese communities overseas have often been carried out within the framework of examining education policies and politics of China and that of the local governments. By examining other local events and factors, a more exact picture of the Chinese modern education in Singapore could be mapped out. The early 20th century was a time of uncertainty and great changes for China. The Qing dynasty, in its attempt to sustain the imperial regime, instituted a series of changes, including the  modernisation of China’s education system. It was during this period that China started to transform its schools. Many scholars have elucidated on how education reforms in China had shaped similar initiatives of the Chinese overseas. The matter may be more complex and one can examine the reality of the matter by taking a closer look atthe actual situation in Singapore, in particular, through the curriculum and school textbooks used by the local modern vernacular schools.","table_of_contents":"Introduction -- At the dawn of modern vernacular Chinese education --  The colonial government and textooks for local needs -- Survey of modern Chinese textbooks used in local schools -- Conclusion : sources and location --\r\nReferences.","subject_lcsh":"Chinese--Singapore--20th century|Chinese language--Curricula--Singapore--20th century|Chinsee language--Textbooks--Singapore--20th century|Schools, Chinese--Singapore--20th century","subject_singheritage":"Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2007.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":30,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2d8bc7ba-7721-46fc-a962-3b55365d2e56","identifier_uuid":"2d8bc7ba-7721-46fc-a962-3b55365d2e56","title":"Outram Secondary School","alternative":"NA","creator":"Renuka, M.","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Bonny","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"25/3/2002","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Outram Road School, now known as Outram Secondary School, was officially opened on 26 February 1906 by then Governor John Anderson. As one of the first English schools built by the colonial government, it has a rich history, dating to even before their official opening in 1906.","table_of_contents":"[Outram Secondary School] -- Background -- Establishment -- Early history -- Conversion into secondary school (1954) -- Further developments (1954-present) -- Famous alumni -- Motto -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Schools--Singapore|Education, Secondary--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Schools (Buildings) {18336108}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":31,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=2dbd203c-d576-4cc9-833a-74a2bc57f89b","identifier_uuid":"2dbd203c-d576-4cc9-833a-74a2bc57f89b","title":"Methodist Girls' School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Rakunathan Narayanan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"25/3/2002","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Located at 11 Blackmore Drive, the Methodist Girls’ School (MGS) was founded by Sophia Blackmore on 15 August 1887. It was the first educational institution for girls established in Singapore by the Methodists. Its earlier names were Tamil Girls’ School (1887), Methodist Mission Girls’ School (1890s) and Mount Sophia Girls’ School (1942).","table_of_contents":"[Methodist Girls' School] -- Early history -- Expansion -- Motto -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Single-sex schools--Singapore|Schools--Singapore|Education--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":32,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"2e51d569-4d27-4a50-b0d4-1eb4e735140d","title":"Educating Malayan gentlemen","alternative":"NA","creator":"Koh, Adeline","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2007-04","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"This paper is an edited extract from Educating Malayan gentlemen: establishing and anglicized elite in twentieth century colonial Malaya by Adeline Koh.\r\nArticle published in BiblioAsia, v. 3, issue 1 (Apr. 2007), p. 10-15.","abstract":"This paper presents issues that indicate the trends in colonial education in Malaya in the 1930s, the historical role of English education in the colonial state of British Malaya, and the engendering of a specific type of elite sensibility that would cultivate a certain class of rulers who would be grateful for their privilege and at the same time be subservient to European rule. This sensibility had two aspects: that of allowing these elite subjects to recognize their privilege and the 'right ways to act' in relation to this privilege in their society; and to internalize their inferiority to the white man. The sort of distribution of power that resulted from this construction of an English-speaking elite sensibility, the sort of organization of power in accordance to languages manages to manifest their power. When the British instituted English education in early Singapore, they appeared to have more than just education in mind, English education was utilized as a tool to structure and govern Malaya, and they were establishing an elite.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Education--Singapore--History|Education--Malaysia--Malaya--History","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2009.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":33,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=306e96d9-72a0-4bab-8f79-aa9fb7cf893e","identifier_uuid":"306e96d9-72a0-4bab-8f79-aa9fb7cf893e","title":"Speak Good English Movement","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"4/3/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Speak Good English Movement (SGEM) was launched on 29 April 2000 by then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong to “encourage Singaporeans to speak grammatically correct English that is universally understood”. The movement was introduced as a response to the growing concern that Singlish was becoming the standard among Singaporeans, which was said to have an adverse effect on Singapore’s goal to be a first-world economy. Held annually since then, the SGEM focuses on different themes and target groups over the years. A range of events and programmes are held so as to reach out to Singaporeans from all walks of life.","table_of_contents":"[Speak Good English Movement] -- Background -- The inaugural Speak Good English Movement -- Events and programmes over the years -- Themes and target audiences -- Organising committee -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Language and education--Singapore|Language and languages--Study and teaching--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Education {18339995}|National campaigns {18338181}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":34,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3131a37a-3c4f-4d3f-8b26-14641390bb8a","identifier_uuid":"3131a37a-3c4f-4d3f-8b26-14641390bb8a","title":"Sang Nila Utama Secondary School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"24/3/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Sang Nila Utama Secondary School, formerly located at Upper Aljunied Road, was the first Malay-medium secondary school established in Singapore and the third secondary school built after Singapore achieved self-government in 1959. The school was officially opened in 1961 and ceased operations by 1988. It was named after Sang Nila Utama, the Prince of Palembang who was believed to be the founder of Singapura.","table_of_contents":"[Sang Nila Utama Secondary School] -- Background -- Founding -- Developments -- Significance -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education, Secondary--Singapore|Schools--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":35,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=31bedb8e-3a3f-4778-9d1e-4cffac29a9d2","identifier_uuid":"31bedb8e-3a3f-4778-9d1e-4cffac29a9d2","title":"Kynnersley Report, 1902","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"14/11/2017","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"In 1902, the Legislative Council appointed a commission to study and report on the system of English education in the Straits Settlements, especially pertaining to secondary and technical education. The resultant Report of the Commission of Enquiry into the System of English Education in the Colony, also known as the Kynnersley Report, was submitted to the Legislative Council on 6 June 1902 and some of its recommendations, such as the transfer of Raffles Institution from private to government management, were accepted and implemented.","table_of_contents":"[Kynnersley Report, 1902] -- Background -- Findings and recommendations -- Outcomes -- Author -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":36,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=32105330-8a0f-4784-b2ec-5f5fb2834d94","identifier_uuid":"32105330-8a0f-4784-b2ec-5f5fb2834d94","title":"Ministry of Education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"17/1/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Ministry of Education (MOE) was established in 1955 by the then newly elected Labour Front government headed by David Marshall. Chew Swee Kee was appointed the first minister for education. Since then, MOE has been actively implementing and formulating education policies on education structure, curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. Currently, the ministry also oversees the management and development of government-funded schools, as well as the Institute of Technical Education, polytechnics and universities.","table_of_contents":"[Ministry of Education] -- Early years -- All-party committee -- Key developments (1960–2000s) -- Recent developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore. Ministry of Education|Singapore. Ministry of Education--History|Education and state--Singapore|Education and state--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":37,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=32c7359c-ea00-4093-a63c-ebe00f674991","identifier_uuid":"32c7359c-ea00-4093-a63c-ebe00f674991","title":"School ranking","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/9/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Rankings of secondary schools and junior colleges (JCs) based on academic performance were first published by The Straits Times in 1992. The ranking was sanctioned by the Ministry of Education (MOE), and the key objective was to help parents and students make informed decisions on school choices. The school ranking became an annual exercise thereafter, undergoing a number of changes over time, including the shift to a banding system in 2004. In 2012, the ranking system was abolished after MOE decided to push for a school culture that emphasises less on academic achievements, but more on providing a holistic and well-rounded education.","table_of_contents":"[School ranking] -- Introduction of school ranking -- Changes over time -- Discontinuation of ranking -- Sentiments -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":38,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=34e52586-72fa-4d0c-9551-a9fd86cb89ab","identifier_uuid":"34e52586-72fa-4d0c-9551-a9fd86cb89ab","title":"Singapore Free School is opened","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Free School opened on 1 August 1834.[1] Noting that there was no English school in Singapore at the time, Reverend F. J. Darrah, who was then Chaplain of the Mission Chapel, appealed to the government for a grant to establish a free","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":39,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=354948e3-a7e5-4fc2-ae83-e2f70c373389","identifier_uuid":"354948e3-a7e5-4fc2-ae83-e2f70c373389","title":"Nanyang Girls' High School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/3/2015","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Nanyang Girls' High School was founded in 1917 by the Singapore branch of the Chinese United League (Tong Menghui; 中国同盟会) in an effort to promote Chinese education among local Chinese women. The school was originally known as the Singapore Nanyang Girls’ School and offered primary education. It was officially renamed Nanyang Girls’ High School in 1931 when it began to offer secondary education. Initially located at Dhoby Ghaut, the school moved three times – first to Handy Road, then to King’s Road and finally to its current location on Linden Drive.","table_of_contents":"[Nanyang Girls' High School] -- Founding -- Establishment -- Administrative difficulties in the 1920s -- New campus and new classes -- World War II and postwar years -- Further developments -- Independent status and move to Linden Drive -- Integrated programme -- Selected awards -- School motto -- School crest and uniform -- Notable alumni -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Educational organisations {18338064}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":40,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=376486b7-a68b-4a2b-acad-97e0b678a8e7","identifier_uuid":"376486b7-a68b-4a2b-acad-97e0b678a8e7","title":"Protests by Chinese middle school students","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In June 1956, Lim Yew Hock succeeded David Marshall as the chief minister of Singapore.[1] In a bid to check the growing influence of the Communist Party of Malaya in Singapore, Lim initiated a series of arrests and banning of pro-communist groups","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Events {18455339}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at June 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":41,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=383d0744-3fac-43ee-9bd6-fbcc34f97e52","identifier_uuid":"383d0744-3fac-43ee-9bd6-fbcc34f97e52","title":"Singapore University of Technology and Design is inaugurated","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) was officially inaugurated by President Tony Tan Keng Yam on 7 May 2012.[1] The SUTD is situated at the campus of the former Institute of Technical Education at 20 Dover Drive and will move to a","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":42,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=39938a8b-d019-4490-839f-8734ab20f1f2","identifier_uuid":"39938a8b-d019-4490-839f-8734ab20f1f2","title":"St Margaret's School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"16/12/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"St Margaret’s School is the oldest girls’ school in Singapore. It was founded in 1842 by Maria Dyer of the London Missionary Society, who had sought to provide a home and education for young girls who would otherwise be sold to rich families as domestic servants. The school was originally known as the Chinese Girls’ School and later renamed as CEZMS School after it was taken over by the Church of England Zenana Missionary Society in 1900. It was again renamed in 1949 as St Margaret’s School after Queen Margaret of Scotland. The school began in a shophouse on North Bridge Road and has since moved several times and split into two separate premises, on Wilkie and Farrer Roads, for the primary and secondary levels respectively.","table_of_contents":"[St Margaret's School] -- Founding and early years -- CEZMS School -- St Margaret's School -- School crest and motto -- Notable alumni -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Streets and Places {18336099}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":43,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3c673854-4cbd-4329-aeb7-fec9cff3011f","identifier_uuid":"3c673854-4cbd-4329-aeb7-fec9cff3011f","title":"Victoria School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Victoria School began as an English class at Kampong Glam Malay School.[1] Before 1988, the school had regarded 1890 as its year of founding.[2] However, in light of a postgraduate thesis on the school’s history, the school decided in 1988 to change","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":44,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3d6d25ee-92ce-4dd2-b9a0-a19dc03f61bb","identifier_uuid":"3d6d25ee-92ce-4dd2-b9a0-a19dc03f61bb","title":"Establishment of the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The origin of the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts (NAFA) came from a call in 1937 by Yong Mun Sen, who was then the vice-president of The Society of Chinese Artists, to set up a fine arts academy in Singapore.[1] A committee was formed to study the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Arts {18336109}|Education {18339995}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":45,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=3e296875-caae-47bf-a36d-8ac83271e05c","identifier_uuid":"3e296875-caae-47bf-a36d-8ac83271e05c","title":"Primary School Leaving Examination","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/7/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) is a national examination held annually for pupils at the end of their primary school education. Introduced in 1960, the PSLE has undergone many modifications over the years. In the 1960s and ’70s, changes to the PSLE system were mainly concerned with providing alternative educational pathways to pupils who failed the examination. In the ’80s and ’90s, the focus shifted towards fine-tuning the PSLE grading system so that pupils would enter the most appropriate secondary-level academic stream. From the 2000s onwards, the PSLE framework was further tweaked to de-emphasise competition and encourage the holistic development of children. In August 2005, an overseas version of the PSLE was launched. Known as the Singapore International Primary School Examination (iPSLE), it was developed for pupils of overseas primary schools that followed a curriculum similar to that in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Primary School Leaving Examination] -- Historical background -- Introduction of PSLE -- Key developments -- Singapore International Primary School Examination -- Timeline -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Education, Primary--Singapore--Examinations","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":46,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=42aa5f1c-ea77-4a6e-82c3-0d7db30e5fe3","identifier_uuid":"42aa5f1c-ea77-4a6e-82c3-0d7db30e5fe3","title":"Madrasah Al-Iqbal Al-Islamiah is officially opened","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Located at 107 Selegie Road,[1] Madrasah Al-Iqbal Al-Islamiah was officially opened on 4 February 1908.[2] The school was founded by Syed Syeikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi,[3] who was at the time a prominent figure in Malay journalism and known for his efforts","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":47,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=42db3567-04a9-4d00-b4f5-dcb1a2844ac9","identifier_uuid":"42db3567-04a9-4d00-b4f5-dcb1a2844ac9","title":"Singapore Chinese Girls’ School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Singapore Chinese Girls’ School (SCGS) was established on 1 July 1899 to provide an all-round education for Straits Chinese girls.[1] It differed from the existing girls’ schools at the time because it was not started by missionaries. Instead, the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":48,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=436e67c1-30fd-4d00-ac99-76284ae8aea0","identifier_uuid":"436e67c1-30fd-4d00-ac99-76284ae8aea0","title":"Association for Educationally Subnormal Children is formed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Association for Educationally Subnormal Children (AESN) began in 1970 as an initiative by a group of parents to provide a special curriculum for children with an intelligence quotient between 50 and 70. At the time, such a curriculum was not","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":49,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=44fa0306-ddfe-41bc-8bde-8778ff198640","identifier_uuid":"44fa0306-ddfe-41bc-8bde-8778ff198640","title":"Launch of National Education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"National Education was launched by then Deputy Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong on 17 May 1997.[1] It was initiated in 1996 by the Ministry of Education to foster national cohesion and instil a sense of national identity among students and younger","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":50,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=47e9f1d3-893c-4f6f-b5dc-44b7ce04fca7","identifier_uuid":"47e9f1d3-893c-4f6f-b5dc-44b7ce04fca7","title":"Special-needs education","alternative":"NA","creator":"Tan, Wen Sze","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heng, Hock Mei","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/10/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Education for children (of typical school-going ages) with disabilities is managed by voluntary welfare organisations (VWOs). The National Council for Social Services (NCSS) is the primary overseer with its Programme Evaluation System, while the Ministry of Education provides support. Singapore takes the “many helping hands” approach, with families, communities and the government all playing a role.","table_of_contents":"[Education in Singapore: special needs] -- Special Needs Schools -- Increased Support since 2004 -- History of Special Education -- Government Support -- Teacher Training -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Special education--Study and teaching--Singapore|Students with disabilities--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":51,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=482c8450-367a-4107-809d-99737c2f13c6","identifier_uuid":"482c8450-367a-4107-809d-99737c2f13c6","title":"Independent Schools Scheme","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/10/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Independent Schools Scheme was introduced by the Ministry of Education in 1987 to give selected leading schools greater autonomy in the management of its own affairs, such as staff recruitment and salaries, curriculum, textbooks, school programmes, pupil admission and fee structures. This step to liberalise education was intended to give schools the latitude to spearhead innovative educational programmes that would develop students’ creative and critical thinking skills, in the face of a competitive and fast-changing future economy. In January 1988, St Joseph’s Institution, Anglo-Chinese School and the Chinese High School (now Hwa Chong Institution) became the first schools to turn independent. This initiative to diversify the education landscape was a pioneering move after three decades of centralised control since the enactment of the Education Ordinance of 1957.","table_of_contents":"[Independent Schools Scheme] -- Background -- Towards excellence in schools -- Establishment of independent schools -- Implementation and aftermath -- Introduction of autonomous schools -- Author -- References -- Further readings.","subject_lcsh":"Private schools--Singapore|Education, Secondary--Singapore|Education and state--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Secondary schools {18336504}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":52,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=48628c96-7506-4675-8a02-3b3fdc510d9b","identifier_uuid":"48628c96-7506-4675-8a02-3b3fdc510d9b","title":"Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) is introduced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) is a national examination system for all graduating primary school students in Singapore and determines their entries into a secondary school. Announced by then Minister for Education Yong Nyuk Lin on 31","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Nov 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":53,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4bf07e40-41c4-48fd-964b-62404adc14b5","identifier_uuid":"4bf07e40-41c4-48fd-964b-62404adc14b5","title":"Official opening of Sang Nila Utama Secondary School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Sang Nila Utama Secondary School was officially opened on 15 October 1961 by then Minister for Education Yong Nyuk Lin. The school was the eighth new school and the third new secondary school to be built since the People’s Action Party formed the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":54,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=4cb48f52-ff31-42b3-9f9b-02e986e09b3b","identifier_uuid":"4cb48f52-ff31-42b3-9f9b-02e986e09b3b","title":"Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Vocational and Technical Education (1961)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"27/11/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Vocational and Technical Education laid the foundation for the development of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Vocational and Technical Education (1961)] -- In-service training -- Reorganising technical education in schools -- Outcomes -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Vocational education--Singapore|Technical education--Singapore|Education and state--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Education policies and system {18455354}|Vocational schools {18338158}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":55,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=513ccc41-7bb1-43fb-a9cc-bb8c2257db86","identifier_uuid":"513ccc41-7bb1-43fb-a9cc-bb8c2257db86","title":"Lee Kong Chian","alternative":"NA","creator":"Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman and Wee, Jane","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Jane Wee","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"13/7/2005","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lee Kong Chian (Dr) (b. 18 October 1893, Nan’an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China–d. 2 June 1967, Singapore), also known as Geok Kun, was a philanthropist and multi-millionaire businessman who made his mark in the rubber trade and later the pineapple, coconut oil and sawmill businesses, among others. Lee also invested large sums in enterprises such as the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC), Great Eastern Life Insurance, Sime Darby (Singapore), Cold Storage and Straits Trading Company. In spite of his wealth, he led a simple life and was known to be frugal and kind. Lee donated millions of dollars to charitable causes through the Lee Foundation, which he created in 1952. The beneficiaries of the foundation include Nanyang University, the University of Malaya and National Library.","table_of_contents":"[Lee Kong Chian] -- Early life -- Career -- Philanthropic work -- Major contributions and awards -- Illness and death -- Legacy -- Family -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"Philanthropists--Singapore--Biography|Pioneers--Singapore--Biography|Lee, Kong Chian, 1893-1967","subject_singheritage":"Community and Social Services {18486492}|Personalities {18336114}|Economy {18486515}|Education {18339995}|Pioneers {18336121}|Trade and industry {18486530}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":56,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=53f31349-1918-493d-9c05-74017f98b9cb","identifier_uuid":"53f31349-1918-493d-9c05-74017f98b9cb","title":"Introduction of Single Session System in schools","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In January 1986, the Ministry of Education launched a pilot project in 20 schools to study the impact of a Single Session System. The study found many benefits from implementing such a system in schools since school facilities are used by only one","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":57,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5ad970e7-9816-4931-b3f8-8f5588c3c8d4","identifier_uuid":"5ad970e7-9816-4931-b3f8-8f5588c3c8d4","title":"Edusave","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"11/12/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Established in 1993, the Edusave scheme aims to provide Singaporean students with a holistic education. The scheme maximises learning opportunities for Singaporeans by providing schools and students with financial assistance to develop resources and fund enrichment courses. The scheme also rewards students with various awards and scholarships to recognise their academic and non-academic achievements.","table_of_contents":"[Edusave] -- Background -- Education Endowment Scheme Act -- Edusave Pupil Fund -- Edusave grants -- Edusave awards and scholarships -- Recent developments -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Student aid--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Education policies and system {18455354}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":58,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5b196e5e-3204-4dd5-91d2-103474eaf0fb","identifier_uuid":"5b196e5e-3204-4dd5-91d2-103474eaf0fb","title":"Nanyang Technological University is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Nanyang Technological University (NTU) Bill was introduced in parliament on 26 February 1991 and gazetted on 12 April. The university was formally establishment on 1 July 1991.[1] In 2006, NTU became a not-for-profit company limited by guarantee","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at February 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":59,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5c180c93-6130-468c-8655-099164184a34","identifier_uuid":"5c180c93-6130-468c-8655-099164184a34","title":"Nanyang Girls’ High School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The school was first established as Nanyang Girls’ School before it was renamed Singapore Nanyang Girls’ Secondary School in mid-1930, and then Nanyang Girls’ High School in 1931 to differentiate between the secondary and primary schools. The school’s","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":60,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5d76abd9-eab3-45e0-975c-f131db7c4fc1","identifier_uuid":"5d76abd9-eab3-45e0-975c-f131db7c4fc1","title":"Technical and vocational education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"13/6/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"For much of the early 19th to mid-20th century, technical and vocational education in Singapore was underdeveloped due to the nature of the economy and the colonial government’s noninterference in education. \r\n\r\nTechnical and vocational education gained importance following the end of the Second World War when industrialisation created a demand for skilled workers. After attaining independence, it became a matter of national survival for Singapore to rapidly develop export-oriented manufacturing as a means to generate employment and economic growth. \r\n\r\nEducation policy thus emphasised the teaching and learning of technical and vocational subjects in line with the needs of industrialisation. As the economy evolved over the subsequent decades towards higher-value-added, knowledge-based industries, technical and vocational education was likewise upgraded to ensure the quality and competitiveness of the Singapore workforce.","table_of_contents":"[Technical and vocational education] -- Colonial period -- Key developments: 1950s–1960s -- Key developments: 1970s–1980s -- Key developments: 1990s–2000s -- Key developments: 2010s and beyond -- References","subject_lcsh":"Vocational education--Singapore--History|Technical education--Singapore--History|Vocational education--Singapore|Technical education--Singapore|Singapore. Vocational and Industrial Training Board","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Vocational schools {18338158}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":61,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=5dc9545a-df02-4d55-a857-3990920e03df","identifier_uuid":"5dc9545a-df02-4d55-a857-3990920e03df","title":"King Edward VII College of Medicine is officially opened","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In 19th century Singapore, medical care was available mainly to the British military and officials, European merchants and seamen, sepoys and the local police, while the rest of the population relied on their traditional medicines practised by sinsehs","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Feb 2016 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":62,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=62113b10-e329-4a70-a3f5-9c19ca117aed","identifier_uuid":"62113b10-e329-4a70-a3f5-9c19ca117aed","title":"Singapore Indian Education Trust","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"24/7/2003","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Singapore Indian Education Trust (SIET) is an Indian community trust fund that supports the education of local Indians, particularly those from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. It was set up in 1967 with trade unionist Govindasamy Kandasamy as one of its key founders. The Registrar of Societies approved SIET’s constitution on 7 July 1967.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Indian Education Trust] -- History -- Awards -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education--Singapore|Student aid--Singapore|Indians (Asian people)--Educatiuon--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":63,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=62ca2321-2cb5-40f3-9b8e-2629e019bbfe","identifier_uuid":"62ca2321-2cb5-40f3-9b8e-2629e019bbfe","title":"Woolley Report on the state of education in the colony","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"A Select Committee, headed by R. Woolley, was appointed by then governor of the Straits Settlements, Harry Ord, to enquire into the state of education in the colony.[1] Submitted on 8 December 1870, the Woolley report stated that education in the","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":64,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6664fb54-7ada-4648-aae9-2ef3712f34c5","identifier_uuid":"6664fb54-7ada-4648-aae9-2ef3712f34c5","title":"The Chinese High School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Chinese High School (华侨中学; Huaqiao zhongxue) was established on 21 March 1919 at 15 Niven Road with an enrolment of 78 students, following a call by businessman Tan Kah Kee to establish a secondary school for overseas Chinese. It became the first","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Sep 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":65,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6668d338-1cf6-42a6-be5d-220b02a1faca","identifier_uuid":"6668d338-1cf6-42a6-be5d-220b02a1faca","title":"Compulsory Education Act is passed","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Compulsory Education Act to make primary school education compulsory for all children in Singapore was passed by Parliament on 9 October 2000 and came into effect on 1 January 2003.[1]\r\n\r\nThe idea to introduce compulsory education was brought up","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Feb 2016 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":66,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=68a7950d-2075-4f5b-b1b4-1588a69adbbe","identifier_uuid":"68a7950d-2075-4f5b-b1b4-1588a69adbbe","title":"Firmstone Report on scheme for higher education in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"A committee of prominent residents and educationists in Singapore, headed by then Director of Education W. H. Firmstone, was appointed on 9 October 1918 to advise on a scheme for the advancement of education preparatory to a university in","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":67,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=69b1cd43-82e4-4cef-8402-193584eaf39e","identifier_uuid":"69b1cd43-82e4-4cef-8402-193584eaf39e","title":"NUS High School of Mathematics and Science opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Built at the cost of S$28 million, the National University of Singapore High School of Mathematics and Science (NUS High School) officially opened its 4.7-ha (47,000 sq m) Clementi campus on 1 January 2005.[1] Affiliated to the National University of","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":68,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6c72d8e5-4087-4dcb-a008-7fb8616e2429","identifier_uuid":"6c72d8e5-4087-4dcb-a008-7fb8616e2429","title":"Report of the All-Party Committee on Chinese education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Report of the All-Party Committee of the Singapore Legislative Assembly on Chinese Education was a study initiated by the Singapore government to review the education system in Chinese schools in light of their students’ involvement in the Hock","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at March 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":69,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6d1e4bd7-75c9-437f-a53a-9e0af78c7636","identifier_uuid":"6d1e4bd7-75c9-437f-a53a-9e0af78c7636","title":"KGMS is officially registered as a trade union","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The Kesatuan Guru-guru Melayu Singapura (KGMS; Singapore Malay Teachers’ Union) was initially known as the Persekutuan Guru-guru Melayu Singapura (PGMS; Singapore Malay Teachers’ Association). The association was formed in 1926 by A. Bakar bin H.","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at April 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":70,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6d91f0f0-2ce4-4105-a4d2-0f7c382776fb","identifier_uuid":"6d91f0f0-2ce4-4105-a4d2-0f7c382776fb","title":"Ngee Ann College opens","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"01b653aa-2a59-4191-91c1-3500f5e3589a|74b2715d-88f4-4e0c-a6e7-e81fdc30d862|da3c2788-7b94-42fb-b6ee-d7d7c63634ee","description":"Ngee Ann College, an institute of higher learning established by the Ngee Ann Kongsi, was officially opened on 25 May 1963.[1] In officiating the college's inauguration, then Minister for Education Yong Nyuk Lin described the founding of the college","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":71,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6db0a432-163b-4fd0-a0cd-dba930954d52","identifier_uuid":"6db0a432-163b-4fd0-a0cd-dba930954d52","title":"Establishment of National Junior College","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"5157738f-c7f0-41ee-aad7-6fec71631176|23e3a4d1-f835-47d5-8ea6-363b55cc8529","description":"The National Junior College (NJC) was the first specialised co-educational government school established in independent Singapore for top pre-university students.[1] \r\n\r\nIn May 1965, then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew announced plans to build a “super","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":72,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=6e7e9ced-2858-4eb8-a61e-bdca8cbdc02d","identifier_uuid":"6e7e9ced-2858-4eb8-a61e-bdca8cbdc02d","title":"NorthLight School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NorthLight School was established in March 2006 by the Ministry of Education and commenced operation in January the following year.[1]  NorthLight aims to provide a customised practice-based curriculum for primary school students who have difficulties","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":73,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=7029c8d4-c4e7-48b0-9571-e0cec24ce2b4","identifier_uuid":"7029c8d4-c4e7-48b0-9571-e0cec24ce2b4","title":"Singapore Chinese Girls’ School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"24/3/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Singapore Chinese Girls’ School (SCGS) is an independent school comprising primary and secondary levels. Established in 1899 on Hill Street, it is the first Chinese girls’ school founded in Singapore. During its early history, the school provided education in English and Chinese to Chinese girls, at a time when female education in Singapore was neglected. The school was relocated three times, including spending 70 years at Emerald Hill, before settling in its present location on Dunearn Road in 1994.","table_of_contents":"[Singapore Chinese Girls' School] -- Founding -- Relocation -- Japanese Occupation and postwar developments -- Later developments -- Significance -- Recent developments -- References","subject_lcsh":"Single-sex schools--Singapore|Schools--Singapore|Singapore Chinese Girls' School","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":74,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=715bc06a-0ed3-4fb3-b363-268c87b394ac","identifier_uuid":"715bc06a-0ed3-4fb3-b363-268c87b394ac","title":"Vernacular education","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"3/10/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"In Singapore, vernacular education refers to education conducted in the native languages of the main resident communities, namely Malay, Chinese and Tamil. From the early 19th to the mid-20th centuries, formal vernacular education was started by philanthropists, clan associations and missionary groups with limited assistance from the British colonial government. After Singapore gained independence in 1965, enrolment in vernacular schools began to dwindle as more parents chose to send their children to English-medium schools. Tamil schools had disappeared by the 1970s, followed by Malay and Chinese schools in the 1980s. By 1987, all Singapore schools taught English as a first language, although mother tongue languages are still included in the curriculum as part of the government’s bilingual policy.","table_of_contents":"[Vernacular education] -- Colonial period -- Japanese Occupation (1942–45) -- Postwar developments -- End of vernacular schools -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education--Singapore--History|Bilingualism--Singapore|Language policy--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":75,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=723ad2cf-1507-440f-b058-691e6d3fe85f","identifier_uuid":"723ad2cf-1507-440f-b058-691e6d3fe85f","title":"St Joseph’s Institution is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"St Joseph’s Institution (SJI) is Singapore’s oldest Catholic boys’ school.[1] It was founded on 22 July 1852 by Father Jean-Marie Beurel of the Missions Étrangères de Paris (The Society of Foreign Missions of Paris), who wanted to establish a","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":76,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=74f49f3c-3536-4ef0-8d33-8e985275fb85","identifier_uuid":"74f49f3c-3536-4ef0-8d33-8e985275fb85","title":"Gifted Education Programme is introduced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"An enrichment programme designed to nurture intellectually gifted students to their fullest potential, the Gifted Education Programme (GEP) was initiated by the Ministry of Education (MOE) as part of reforms to create an education system that catered","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":77,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=78f918d5-086b-49ea-afea-2d2981fdfdd2","identifier_uuid":"78f918d5-086b-49ea-afea-2d2981fdfdd2","title":"Tao Nan School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Tao Nan School was founded on 18 November 1906 under the auspices of the Hokkien Huay Kuan (clan association) in Singapore.[1] The idea for the establishment of a modern school for Hokkien children was first raised by community leader Tan Boo Liat.[2]","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at April 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":78,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=79990ca2-5fc8-4b90-ab55-df9493d1ff87","identifier_uuid":"79990ca2-5fc8-4b90-ab55-df9493d1ff87","title":"Lim Hak Tai","alternative":"NA","creator":"Tan, Kaylene|Chew, Valerie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2/12/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Lim Hak Tai (林学大) (b. 28 May 1893, Xiamen, Fujian, China–d. 14 February 1963, Singapore) was one of Singapore’s pioneer artists and art educators. He was one of the main proponents of the Nanyang style of art in terms of technique and subject matter. He was also the founding principal of the Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts (NAFA). While Lim was an accomplished artist, he focused his energies on art education despite facing many personal and financial challenges. In 1962, the government awarded him the Sijil Kemuliaan (Certificate of Honour) as part of Singapore’s first National Day Awards, in recognition of his contributions to local art.","table_of_contents":"[Lim Hak Tai] -- Early life and career in China -- Move to Singapore and founding of NAFA -- Post-war challenges -- “Father of Nanyang Art” -- Death and legacy -- Family -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"Lim, Hak Tai, 1893-1963","subject_singheritage":"Arts personalities {18337039}|Arts education {18337314}|Arts {18336109}|Personalities {18336114}|Artists {18336115}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia {10126}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":79,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=7a63e9a1-c949-41d0-9b6f-d3853d832bb1","identifier_uuid":"7a63e9a1-c949-41d0-9b6f-d3853d832bb1","title":"Civics and moral education is introduced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Civics and moral education was introduced on 23 February 1991 to replace religious knowledge lessons in schools.[1] Religious knowledge was made a compulsory subject in schools in January 1984 to instil moral values in students.[2] From 1990, however,","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":80,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=7ccfdb06-b723-47c4-ad03-a90991622173","identifier_uuid":"7ccfdb06-b723-47c4-ad03-a90991622173","title":"Victoria School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/1/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Founded as an English class for a handful of Malay students in 1876, Victoria School  has produced many notable alumni over the years, including poet Edwin Thumboo and three of Singapore’s former presidents: Yusof Ishak, C. V. Devan Nair and S. R. Nathan.","table_of_contents":"[Victoria School] -- Early history and founding -- Syed Alwi Road -- Tyrwhitt Road -- Geylang Bahru -- Siglap Link -- Conservation -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education, Secondary--Singapore--History","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Secondary schools {18336504}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":81,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"7f6e3d7e-9d57-4133-ac8f-7c43a3b071ca","title":"XIMEDIAILAB comes to the library","alternative":"NA","creator":"Koh, Leslie","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2007-01","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 2, issue 4 (Jan. 2007), p. 34.","abstract":"Reported on this page is the news of a gaming workshop  held on 7-8 December 2006 at the National Library. It was organised by XIMedialLab, an internationally acclaimed digital media think-tank. Fourteen groups took part in the XIMedialLab, to work on projects that involved game-based education. Standing alongside were mentors from around the world, international experts who had designed bestselling games and were on hand to help the designers improve their games. This is the third time the Lab has been held in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"Educational games--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Sports and Recreation {18486681}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}|NLB Collections>>Index to Singapore Information {16145204}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2007.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":82,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=7fb18ee7-0029-4e73-9296-b78f1fde5033","identifier_uuid":"7fb18ee7-0029-4e73-9296-b78f1fde5033","title":"St Andrew’s School is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In the 1850s, two local Anglican men, Sim Quee and Tye Kim, established a small private school, known as Sim Quee’s School, at 29 Chin Chew Street. A sermon delivered by reverend William T Humphreys – then resident chaplain of the Anglican Church – on","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":83,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=82fbbca5-e8e2-40cc-b944-fbb2bd2367fe","identifier_uuid":"82fbbca5-e8e2-40cc-b944-fbb2bd2367fe","title":"Bilingual policy","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"1/9/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Bilingualism has been the cornerstone of Singapore’s language policy since the People’s Action Party (PAP) was elected to power in 1959. The policy entails an emphasis on using English and the mother tongue languages, particularly that of the three main ethnic groups: Mandarin for the Chinese, Malay for the Malay community and Tamil for the Indians. English was to become Singapore’s working language, while the mother tongue would serve to strengthen an individual’s values and sense of cultural belonging. The bilingualism policy has been implemented primarily through the education system, which requires students to study the English language and their respective mother tongues. In addition, annual campaigns are held to promote the learning and speaking of mother tongue languages as well as to encourage the use of grammatically correct English among Singaporeans. The Lee Kuan Yew Fund for Bilingualism was established in 2011 to help nurture a love for bilingual learning in young children.","table_of_contents":"[Bilingual policy] -- Background -- Introduction of bilingualism policy -- Key developments in bilingual education policies -- Campaigns and events -- Media -- Lee Kuan Yew Fund for Bilingualism -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Bilingualism--Singapore|Language policy--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Politics and Government {18336134}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":84,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=832f0610-d78c-4560-a2d5-b72c2858ce1a","identifier_uuid":"832f0610-d78c-4560-a2d5-b72c2858ce1a","title":"New Education System (NES) is introduced","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In August 1978, then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Keng Swee was tasked to lead a study team to identify problems in the education system of Singapore and propose solutions.[1] The Report on the Ministry of Education 1978 (also known as the Goh Report)","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2016.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Feb 2016 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":85,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=85403035-ccb4-494e-8a8e-18307f5bba82","identifier_uuid":"85403035-ccb4-494e-8a8e-18307f5bba82","title":"Umar Pulavar Tamil School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"30/4/2019","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Umar Pulavar Tamil School (UPTS) was founded by the Singapore Kadayanallur Muslim League (SKML) in 1946. It became known as the Umar Pulavar Tamil High School (UPTHS) in 1960, and was the first and only Tamil-medium high school in Singapore.","table_of_contents":"[Umar Pulavar Tamil School] -- Background -- Early days at Tanjong Pagar -- Relocation to Maxwell Road -- Expansion into a high school -- Decline and closure of school -- Preserving the school's name -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Tamil language-- Study and teaching (Secondary)--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Secondary schools {18336504}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":86,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=8751b049-8105-4437-b193-a8a306710247","identifier_uuid":"8751b049-8105-4437-b193-a8a306710247","title":"Education in Singapore : Mathematics","alternative":"NA","creator":"Tan, Wen Sze","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Heng, Hock Mei","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"31/10/2009","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Mathematics education in Singapore gained international recognition with successive good results in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMMS). Singapore-based mathematics textbooks are used in countries as diverse as the United States and Indonesia. Two key features of the Singapore Mathematics curriculum are the Model method and the Mathematics framework.","table_of_contents":"[Education in Singapore : Mathematics] -- Teaching of Mathematics in Singapore Schools -- Model Method -- Mathematical Framework -- Results of TIMMS -- Use of the Singapore Mathematics in the United States -- Historical Development -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Mathematics--Study and teaching--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2016 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":87,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=8ad87118-cf1e-4468-9ec9-9e6ead087b06","identifier_uuid":"8ad87118-cf1e-4468-9ec9-9e6ead087b06","title":"Vocational and Industrial Training Board (VITB)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"9/10/2018","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Vocational and Industrial Training Board (VITB) was formed on 1 April 1979 with the merger of the Industrial Training Board (ITB) and the Adult Education Board (AEB). The functions of the latter two statutory boards in the areas of vocational and industrial training, and continuing education, were rationalised and integrated under the VITB, which became the single national authority responsible for the training of skilled manpower in the commercial, industrial and service sectors.","table_of_contents":"[Vocational and Industrial Training Board (VITB)] -- Background -- Vocational training and certification -- Continuing education -- Outcomes and challenges -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Singapore. Vocational and Industrial Training Board|Vocational education--Singapore|Occupational training--Singapore|Education and state--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Vocational schools {18338158}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":88,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=8cd6e9d7-81bb-4673-a600-f7d553b44cf9","identifier_uuid":"8cd6e9d7-81bb-4673-a600-f7d553b44cf9","title":"National Junior College","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"18/11/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"National Junior College (NJC) was opened in 1969 as Singapore’s first junior college. It moved to its current location on Hillcrest Road in July 1995.  Originally situated at Linden Drive, NJC is the first specialised government school to be established for the nation’s top pre-university students.  Although classes commenced in January 1969, its official opening was held more than a year later on 14 May 1970.  NJC is recognised as one of the top junior colleges in Singapore and has produced numerous leaders, including current Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, current Minister for Defence Ng Eng Hen, and the former chief executive officer of Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Jennifer Lee.","table_of_contents":"[National Junior College] -- Background -- Planning the new college -- Selecting the first students -- Controversy -- Opening of NJC -- First graduates -- Later developments -- School crest and uniform -- References -- Further resources.","subject_lcsh":"National Junior College (Singapore)|Junior colleges--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Educational organisations {18338064}|Organisations {18455234}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":89,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=8f0a445f-bbd1-4e5c-8ebe-9461ea61f5de","identifier_uuid":"8f0a445f-bbd1-4e5c-8ebe-9461ea61f5de","title":"Report on the Ministry of Education (Goh Report)","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"In August 1978, then Deputy Prime Minister Goh Keng Swee was tasked to lead a study team to identify problems in Singapore’s education system and propose solutions for reform.[1] The government was of the view at the time that a thorough review was","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":90,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=904709fe-cc4f-4255-aaf6-522fbf4b7da6","identifier_uuid":"904709fe-cc4f-4255-aaf6-522fbf4b7da6","title":"White Paper on bilingual education in Chinese-medium schools","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"7/7/2014","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"On 8 December 1953, the colonial government in Singapore issued a white paper titled Chinese Schools Bilingual Education and Increased Aid. The white paper proposed the introduction of bilingual education in Chinese schools in exchange for increased financial aid to the schools. The scheme was designed to bring Chinese schools into the mainstream of the English-medium education system by taking advantage of the precarious financial position that most Chinese schools were in at the time. To survive, many Chinese-medium schools had to charge fairly high fees, teachers were poorly paid, and working conditions less than ideal. Chinese schools getting government grants-in-aid would have to include not only the teaching of English but also have courses such as mathematics and science taught in English.","table_of_contents":"[White Paper on bilingual education in Chinese-medium schools] -- The highlights of the White Paper -- A negative response -- All-Party Committee on Chinese education -- Adopting the All-Party recommendations -- Author -- References.","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Politics and Government {18336134}|Arts education {18337314}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":91,"identifier_uri":"NA","identifier_uuid":"94282618-f9b9-4c12-88d0-ee6d8b218670","title":"The educational movement in early 20th century Batavia and its connections with Singapore and China","alternative":"NA","creator":"Liu, Oiyan","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"2010-10","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Article published in BiblioAsia, v. 6, issue 3 (Oct. 2010), p. 22-28.","abstract":"This essay attempts to map out the interconnectivity among educational movements in Dutch Batavia, British Singapore and coastal China. By looking at institutional movements of people, their thoughts and activities across colonial and imperial port cities, the article offers an analysis of how educational exchanges shaped political visions. Singapore played an important role in guiding the initial stages of the movement in\r\nthe Dutch Indies. Educational movements in Batavia and\r\nSingapore also helped shape the educational system for\r\noverseas Chinese in China. Jinan, the first post-primary school for overseas Chinese, was opened after the educational movements in the Dutch Indies and British Malaya had started.","table_of_contents":"The educational movement in Batavia -- The Singapore connection -- Intergrating with China : Jinan -- Colonial paranoia and counter-integrative policies -- Ambiguuous missions -- Conclusion -- Endnotes.","subject_lcsh":"Education and state--Batavia (Indonesia)--20th century|Education and state--Singapore--20th century|Education and state--China--20th century","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia|NLB Collections>>Publications>>BiblioAsia {16180172}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2010.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":92,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=95b085a4-0e56-4712-8a81-522214d071c6","identifier_uuid":"95b085a4-0e56-4712-8a81-522214d071c6","title":"Work by Catherine Lim is selected for ‘O’ Level study","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES) selected Singaporean author Catherine Lim’s collection of short stories — Or Else, the Lightning God and Other Stories (1980) — as one of nine examined texts in the 1989 and 1990","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Arts {18336109}|Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at Oct 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":93,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=9648a15d-33a3-4622-b91b-12aec4fe7ee2","identifier_uuid":"9648a15d-33a3-4622-b91b-12aec4fe7ee2","title":"Special Assistance Plan schools","alternative":"NA","creator":"Sim, Cheryl","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Editor:Han, Jamie|Editor:Lim, Fiona","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"21/7/2016","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Special Assistance Plan (SAP) was introduced in 1979 as a long-term scheme to preserve the best Chinese-stream schools so as to develop effectively bilingual students who were inculcated with traditional Chinese values. Nine Chinese-stream secondary schools were initially selected to serve as SAP schools. A 10th SAP school was added in 2000, followed by another in 2012. A total of 10 primary SAP schools were introduced in 1989 to meet the same objective. In 1992, the number of primary SAP schools was increased to 15. With the rise of the Chinese economy, the Bicultural Studies Programme (BSP) was established in 2005 in three SAP schools to nurture the best bilingual students into bicultural professionals who could effectively engage with China. A fourth SAP school was added to the programme in 2007. Following the recommendations of the SAP Schools Review Taskforce formed that same year, flagship programmes were developed in the primary and secondary SAP schools to enrich the students’ learning of the Chinese language and traditional Chinese values.","table_of_contents":"[Special Assistance Plan Schools] -- Background -- Introduction of SAP schools -- Key developments in SAP schools -- Introduction of primary SAP schools -- Key developments in primary SAP schools -- Promotion of the Chinese language and culture -- SAP schools and multiracialism -- Timeline -- List of secondary SAP schools -- List of primary SAP schools -- References -- Further resource.","subject_lcsh":"Education, Primary--Singapore|Chinese language--Study and teaching--Singapore|Bilingualism--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":94,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=99663443-930d-418e-b010-4718d0ad7543","identifier_uuid":"99663443-930d-418e-b010-4718d0ad7543","title":"Values education in Singapore","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Author:Lee, Gracie {18541779}|Author:Lee, Gracie {18541779}","contributor_people":"Author:Lee, Gracie {18541779}","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"8/11/2021 0:00","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Compulsory values education was first implemented in schools in Singapore in the late 1950s through civics, ethics and religious studies classes. The purpose of values education is to impart moral values and help students become responsible members in their families and communities, and better citizens. In response to changes in educational policies, national needs and pedagogical approaches, the curriculum for values education has evolved from early programmes such as Civics (1958), Religious Knowledge (1958) and Ethics (1959) to Character and Citizenship Education (2014).","table_of_contents":"[Values education in Singapore] -- Beginnings -- Ethics -- Religious Knowledge -- Civics -- Education for Living -- Report on the Ministry of Education 1978 -- Report on Moral Education 1979 -- Moral education, social studies and religious knowledge -- Civics and Moral Education -- National Education -- Character and Citizenship Education -- Author -- References -- Further resources","subject_lcsh":"Values--Singapore|Education--Aims and objectives--Singapore|Service learning--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2021.","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":95,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=9c77d932-ded6-4068-99a6-8ad39c087564","identifier_uuid":"9c77d932-ded6-4068-99a6-8ad39c087564","title":"National Institute of Education is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"The National Institute of Education (NIE) was established on 1 July 1991 as part of Nanyang Technological University (NTU), the result of the merger between the Institute of Education (IE) and the College of Physical Education (CPE).[1] NIE’s origins","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2015.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at July 2015 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":96,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=9dd7ba3e-b0a7-4e15-8e59-2348b0e42db5","identifier_uuid":"9dd7ba3e-b0a7-4e15-8e59-2348b0e42db5","title":"Raffles establishes the Singapore Institution","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Sir Stamford Raffles conceptualised the idea of establishing a premier educational institution in Singapore in September 1819.[1] One of the objectives of the institution, as envisaged by Raffles, was to provide the children of the Malay nobility and","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>HistorySG {18547869}","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":97,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=a204ba18-914e-44e5-9b30-efa3b0cfbdf4","identifier_uuid":"a204ba18-914e-44e5-9b30-efa3b0cfbdf4","title":"St Margaret’s School – Singapore’s oldest girls’ school","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"St Margaret’s School, Singapore’s oldest school for girls, was established in 1842 by missionary Maria Dyer.[1] The primary school is presently located at 99 Wilkie Road, while the secondary school is at 111 Farrer Road.[2]St Margaret’s School began","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":98,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=a2602436-98f0-468b-8d56-3d5f9811ed76","identifier_uuid":"a2602436-98f0-468b-8d56-3d5f9811ed76","title":"Pearl's Hill School","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Tan, Joanna Hwang Soo","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"23/3/2011","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"Pearl’s Hill School, formerly known as the Singapore Chinese Branch School, was established in 1881. It was one of the first government English elementary schools set up by the British colonial government. It became known as Pearl’s Hill School in 1913. The school relocated to a 12-storey building on Chin Swee Road in 1971, and ceased operations in 2001.","table_of_contents":"[Pearl’s Hill School] -- Early history -- Developments -- Significance -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education, Elementary--Singapore|Schools--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."},{"_id":99,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=a4968add-f805-4959-ad22-dd9dc17be5aa","identifier_uuid":"a4968add-f805-4959-ad22-dd9dc17be5aa","title":"Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah is established","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"NA","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"NA","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"NA","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah, or the Alsagoff Arab School, was established in 1912 upon the legacy of its founder and benefactor, Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff.[1] Situated in Jalan Sultan, where it has stood since 1912,[2] Madrasah Alsagoff","abstract":"NA","table_of_contents":"NA","subject_lcsh":"NA","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}|Streets and Places {18336099}|Heritage and Culture {18336130}|Community and Social Services {18486492}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NA","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2014.","access_rights":"The information in this article is valid as at 2014 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history of the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic."},{"_id":100,"identifier_uri":"https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=a4e14be9-10ac-4080-9a78-c2e59ce5f974","identifier_uuid":"a4e14be9-10ac-4080-9a78-c2e59ce5f974","title":"Open University Degree Programme","alternative":"NA","creator":"NA","creator_people":"NA","creator_people_cn":"NA","creator_orgs":"NA","creator_orgs_cn":"NA","creator_lcna":"NA","contributor":"Azizah Sidek|Rakunathan Narayanan","contributor_people":"NA","contributor_people_cn":"NA","contributor_orgs":"NA","contributor_orgs_cn":"NA","contributor_lcna":"NA","digital_publisher":"National Library Board Singapore","original_publisher":"NA","date_created":"29/9/1997","has_part_uuid":"NA","description":"NA","abstract":"The Open University Degree Programme (OUDP) was administered by the Singapore Institute of Management (SIM) in a five-year tie-up with the British Open University. The partnership started in 1992, when SIM was invited by the Ministry of Education to run the Open University Degree Programme. SIM launched Singapore’s Open University (OU) in January 1994 with the help of a S$38-million capital grant from the government. The objective of having an open university was to enable working adults to pursue degrees through part-time study. Three degrees were offered to the first batch of intakes: Bachelor of Science in Mathematics, Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, and Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Literature.","table_of_contents":"[Open University Degree Programme] -- Early years -- Privately funded university -- References.","subject_lcsh":"Education--Singapore|Adult education--Singapore","subject_singheritage":"Education {18339995}","language":"eng","ispartof_collection":"NLB Collections>>Singapore Collection>>Singapore Infopedia","nlb_type":"Article {18335714}","rights":"NA","access_rights":"The information on this page and any images that appear here may be used for private research and study purposes only. They may not be copied, altered or amended in any way without first gaining the permission of the copyright holder."}],"_links":{"start":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_b1be448874d1702cc2a4b5e5ba2a5459","next":"/api/action/datastore_search?resource_id=d_b1be448874d1702cc2a4b5e5ba2a5459&offset=100"},"total":7276}}